Aspects of habitat use by New Zealand honeyeaters, with reference to other forest species

Abstract

Division of resources and use of habitat by some New Zealand forest birds is discussed. A measurement is made of the importance of nectar, fruit and insect foods in the diet of the honeyeaters (Meliphagidae). The honeyeaters show seasonal variation in their diet, and the Bellbird is found to be more insectivorous than either the Tui or the Stitchbird, especially during winter. Morphological differences probably play a major role in precluding competition for food between honeyeaters during periods of course-grained foraging, e.g. at times of seasonal nectar 'booms'. Separation between habitats is most evident during winter when food is less abundant. Also, for all species investigated, habitat separation is evident during fine-grained foraging. Niches appear to be 'broad' and it is suggested that this may be because diversity of species within the habitat is low.