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RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

DNA barcoding reveals larval fish diversity and distribution along the Cibareno River (West Java, Indonesia)

Arif Wibowo A , Andi Chadijah A , Kurniawan Kurniawan A B C , Vitas Atmadi Prakoso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0690-2542 A B C * , Dwi Atminarso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-123X A B C , Deni Irawan A , Fathur Rochman https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7239-1106 A , Septiana Sri Astuti A , Indah Lestari Surbani D , Tri Deniansen A , Imron Rosadi E , Yohanes Yudha P. Jaya E , Sudarsono Sudarsono E , Lee J. Baumgartner B , Nicolas Hubert https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-3377 F and Ivor G. Stuart B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta – Bogor kilometer 46, Cibinong, West Java 16915, Indonesia.

B Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and Environment, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 789, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia.

C School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia.

D Yayasan Diversitas Lestari Nusantara, Menara Bidakara 2, Annex Building 4th floor, Jakarta 12870, Indonesia.

E Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Representation in Indonesia, Jakarta 10250, Indonesia.

F Université de Montpellier (UM), UMR 5554 ISEM (Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier) (l’Institut de recherche pour le développement–UM–Centre national de la recherche scientifique–École pratique des hautes études), Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France.

* Correspondence to: vprakoso@csu.edu.au

Handling Editor: Peter Unmack

Marine and Freshwater Research 76, MF24236 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF24236
Submitted: 22 October 2024  Accepted: 8 January 2025  Published: 28 January 2025

© 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Context

There is a global problem with ongoing riverine infrastructure projects where, despite knowledge of potential environmental impacts, there is rapid development, often without appropriate environmental safeguards. This results in fragmentation of riverine fish communities, especially diadromous species. Understanding freshwater fish larval ecology is critical to provide insight into the likely impacts of these projects.

Aims

To assess fish larval biodiversity on the basis of DNA barcoding, abundance and its distribution pattern in the Cibareno River.

Methods

Fish larvae were collected at six locations in the Cibareno River. The larvae were identified by DNA barcoding.

Key results

A notable disparity was seen in the distribution of larval abundance in different locations. The non-native species, Poecilia reticulata, was the most abundant larval species, with an intraspecific diversity of 0.003 (99.7% similarity). The upstream area exhibited a lower level of larval species diversity than did the downstream area.

Conclusions

Genetic identification can reliably identify fish larvae and determine their spatial riverside distribution in the Cibareno River. The conservation of connectivity maintains fish community integrity and diversity between upstream and downstream locations in the weir building plan.

Implications

This discovery emphasises the relevance of larval identification in fish biodiversity assessment and sustainable fisheries resource monitoring.

Keywords: aquatic ecology, biodiversity, conservation, DNA barcoding, early life stages, ichthyoplankton, larval fish, species composition.

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