Towards a scientific evaluation of environmental water offsetting in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia
Kate Lyons
A * , Jamie Pittock A B , Matthew J. Colloff A B , Yilan Yu A , Eytan Rocheta B and Celine Steinfeld B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
B Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
C Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia.
Marine and Freshwater Research - https://doi.org/10.1071/MF22082
Submitted: 7 April 2022 Accepted: 18 October 2022 Published online: 14 November 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Context: Increasing water scarcity creates the major challenge of how to achieve environmental outcomes while meeting human water demands. In the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia, this challenge is being addressed by the Murray–Darling Basin Plan and the ‘Sustainable Diversion Limit Adjustment Mechanism’ (SDLAM), an offsetting program seeking to achieve environmental outcomes using less water.
Aims: We provide a critique of the legislated method for evaluation of the SDLAM and the suitability of the process for evaluating whether equivalent environmental outcomes have been achieved.
Methods: Four project case studies, project documentation, external reviews and relevant legislation were used to assess the implementation of the SDLAM and the evaluation method.
Key results: The SDLAM evaluation method is not scientifically rigorous. It excludes residual risks, Basin-wide impacts and climate change. The evaluation timeline is biased towards measuring infrastructure outputs rather than environmental outcomes and impacts.
Conclusions: Flaws in the SDLAM evaluation processes mean that environmental benefits are likely to be overstated, risking further reductions in allocations of water for the environment, contrary to the objectives of the Basin Plan.
Implications: Improved evaluation, including empirical data on outputs, outcomes and impacts, is needed to ensure that conservation objectives can be met for wetlands subject to SDLAM projects.
Keywords: biodiversity, catchment management, conservation, environmental monitoring, floodplains, Murray–Darling system, water reform policy, wetlands.
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