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Marine and Freshwater Research Marine and Freshwater Research Society
Advances in the aquatic sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Evidence of site fidelity and deep diving behaviour of scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) around the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, in the equatorial Mid-Atlantic ridge

Natalia P. A. Bezerra A B E , Bruno C. L. Macena B C D , Paulo Travassos B , Pedro Afonso C D and Fábio H. V. Hazin A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

B Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, CEP 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

C Institute of Marine Research (IMAR), University of the Azores, PT-9901-862 Horta, Portugal.

D Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of the Azores, PT-9901-862 Horta, Portugal.

E Corresponding author. Email: natalia_pab@hotmail.com

Marine and Freshwater Research 71(6) 708-718 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF19029
Submitted: 26 January 2019  Accepted: 8 July 2019   Published: 11 October 2019

Abstract

Seven scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) were satellite tagged around the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), located at the equatorial Mid-Atlantic ridge, to investigate their vertical and horizontal movements. All sharks remained in the surroundings of the SPSPA over the course of the 120-day monitoring period, suggesting a high degree of medium-term site fidelity. During this period, scalloped hammerhead sharks covered a wide extension of the water column, ranging from the mixed layer to the mesopelagic zone. All sharks remained in warm (>22°C) shallow layers most of the time, but also dove to depths greater than 150 m, mostly at night, eventually reaching 728 m (5.6°C) on two occasions. This study contributes important, novel information on the habitat use and movement patterns of scalloped hammerhead shark in Atlantic equatorial oceanic waters. It also highlights the potential of protecting key, large oceanic areas as a useful tool for the conservation of this endangered species.

Additional keywords: oceanic essential habitat, residency, satellite telemetry, swimming speed.


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