Effect of salinity and food concentration on competition between Brachionus plicatilis Müller, 1786 and Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas, 1776 (Rotifera)
N. S. Ferrando A C , S. Nandini B , M. C. Claps A and S. S. S. Sarma B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Instituto de Limnología Dr Raúl A. Ringuelet (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata), Boulevard 120 y 62, 1900 La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
B Laboratorio de Zoología Acuática, Edificio Unidad de Ciencias Morfológicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Iztacala, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes, Estado de México CP 54090, México.
C Corresponding author. Email: nferrando@ilpla.edu.ar
Marine and Freshwater Research 71(4) 493-504 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF18403
Submitted: 19 October 2018 Accepted: 21 May 2019 Published: 20 August 2019
Abstract
Natural populations of planktonic rotifers are affected by salinity and food density, among other stressors. Moreover, competition among congeneric species limits the abundance of certain rotifers in ecosystems without spatial heterogeneity and environmental fluctuations. We isolated Brachionus plicatilis and Brachionus calyciflorus from Salado River basin waterbodies and studied the demographic characteristics and competition between them at three salinity levels (0.75, 1.75 and 2.75 g L–1 NaCl) and at two food concentrations (0.1 × 106 and 0.5 × 106 cells mL–1 Chlorella vulgaris). The lowest salinity level proved to be unfavourable for the population growth of B. plicatilis, but at higher salinity levels the growth was similar to that of controls (without competition), even in the presence of the competitor and at either food concentration. By contrast, the competitor almost always decreased the density of B. calyciflorus. Salinity greatly affected the peak density of B. plicatilis, whereas the effects of salinity and competition on B. calyciflorus were similar. Biomass was inversely related to salinity for both species, and was significantly affected by competition in B. plicatilis. These results show that B. calyciflorus is more adversely affected than B. plicatilis by competition and high salinity, and explain why both species can coexist in eutrophic saline lowland rivers and pampean shallow lakes.
Additional keywords: food density, growth rates, plankton, rotifers.
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