Maximum age and missing time in the vertebrae of sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus): validated lifespan from bomb radiocarbon dating in the western North Atlantic and southwestern Indian Oceans
M. S. Passerotti A F , A. H. Andrews B , J. K. Carlson A , S. P. Wintner C , K. J. Goldman D and L. J. Natanson E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, FL 32408, USA.
B National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 99-193 Aiea Heights Drive #417, Aiea, HI 96701, USA.
C KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board and Biomedical Resource Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4056, South Africa.
D Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 3298 Douglas Place, Homer, AK 99603, USA.
E National Marine Fisheries Service, Apex Predators Program, 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA.
F Corresponding author. Email: mpasserotti@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 65(8) 674-687 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF13214
Submitted: 9 August 2013 Accepted: 8 October 2013 Published: 29 January 2014
Abstract
Bomb radiocarbon analysis of vertebral growth bands was used to validate lifespan for sand tiger sharks (Carcharias taurus) from the western North Atlantic (WNA) and southwestern Indian Oceans (SIO). Visual counts of vertebral growth bands were used to assign age and estimate year of formation (YOF) for sampled growth bands in eight sharks from the WNA and two sharks from the SIO. Carbon-14 results were plotted relative to YOF for comparison with regional Δ14C reference chronologies to assess the accuracy of age estimates. Results from the WNA validated vertebral age estimates up to 12 years, but indicated that ages of large adult sharks were underestimated by 11–12 years. Age was also underestimated for adult sharks from the SIO by 14–18 years. Validated lifespan for C. taurus individuals in the present study reached at least 40 years for females and 34 years for males. Findings indicated that the current age-reading methodology is not suitable for estimating the age of C. taurus beyond ~12 years. Future work should investigate whether vertebrae of C. taurus record age throughout ontogeny, or cease to be a reliable indicator at some point in time.
Additional keywords: carbon-14, longevity, ragged tooth shark, spikkel-skeurtandhaai.
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