New biological data on the rare, threatened shark Carcharhinus leiodon (Carcharhinidae) from the Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea
Alec B. M. Moore A B G , Dareen Almojil C , Mark Harris D , Rima W. Jabado E and William T. White FA RSK Environment Ltd, Spring Lodge, 172 Chester Road, Helsby, Cheshire, WA6 0AR, UK.
B Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5AB, UK.
C University of Cambridge, Department of Zoology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
D 7142 Arboretum Way, New Port Richey, FL 34655, USA.
E UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
F CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
G Corresponding author. Email: amoore@rsk.co.uk
Marine and Freshwater Research 65(4) 327-332 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF13160
Submitted: 20 June 2013 Accepted: 8 August 2013 Published: 28 October 2013
Abstract
New biological data relevant to the conservation of the rare and threatened shark Carcharhinus leiodon are presented, based on specimens sampled in fish markets in Kuwait, the UAE and Yemen. The maximum size of this species is extended to 1648 mm total length (TL); females are mature by at least 1312 mm TL and demonstrate placental viviparity with litters of 4–6 embryos. In the north-western Persian Gulf there is evidence that parturition occurs in spring when embryos are ~350–515 mm TL, with at least some neonate individuals probably remaining in the area through the summer. Further records of C. leiodon from the western Arabian Sea indicate that adults are present in this region throughout the year. Landings of C. leiodon apparently caught in the eastern Persian Gulf may extend the highly fragmented known distribution of this species. Contrary to an earlier study, the first detailed examination of dissected adult C. leiodon jaws revealed that fine serrations are present on upper teeth, and characters are provided to separate the dentition and jaws of C. leiodon from congeners. The stomach of an adult C. leiodon contained bentho-demersal fish, and an individual with fin abnormalities is noted.
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