Evaluating a health video on diabetic retinopathy
Joos Meyer A B , Karim Johnson A , Joshua Bowyer A , Josephine Muir A and Angus Turner AA Outback Vision, Lions Eye Institute, 2 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
B Corresponding author. Email: joos.meyer@gmail.com
Health Promotion Journal of Australia 27(1) 84-87 https://doi.org/10.1071/HE15056
Submitted: 5 June 2015 Accepted: 5 November 2015 Published: 9 February 2016
Abstract
Issue addressed: Indigenous Australians are 14 times more likely than non-Indigenous Australians to develop diabetic retinopathy (DR). Blindness can be prevented in 98% of cases if DR is identified and treated early. While the National Health and Medical Research Council recommend annual screening for Indigenous Australians, screening attendance rates remain low. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a targeted health promotion intervention improved patient compliance and screening rates.
Methods: Bad Sugars, Bad Eyes – a culturally appropriate video targeting DR awareness and the importance of screening among Indigenous Australians – was developed at the Lions Eye Institute, Western Australia. The study used a patient questionnaire pre and post viewing of the video, as well as semi-structured interviews with Aboriginal Health Workers, to explore the influence the resource had on patient knowledge and attitudes. Eighty-four participants, currently involved in DR screening programs, were recruited from Aboriginal Medical Services (AMS) and Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHS).
Results: The video was found to increase patient knowledge about key DR issues as well as alter patient attitudes identified as potential barriers to screening. The areas most affected by the video resource were knowledge of recommended screening intervals, the severity of potential visual complications if DR is left undiagnosed and untreated and that screening is needed even when asymptomatic. Aboriginal Health Workers positively evaluated the video, all rating it as ‘very’ culturally appropriate, understandable and relatable.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that Indigenous DR screening attendance rates could be increased through the expanded use of this video.
So what?: Indigenous DR screening attendance rates remain low, despite annual recommendations by the National Health and Medical Research Council. This gap needs to be addressed.
References
[1] Clifford A, Pulver LJ, Richmond R, Shakeshaft A, Ivers R (2011) Smoking, nutrition, alcohol and physical activity interventions targeting Indigenous Australians: rigorous evaluations and new directions needed. Aust NZ J Publ Heal 35, 38–46.| Smoking, nutrition, alcohol and physical activity interventions targeting Indigenous Australians: rigorous evaluations and new directions needed.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[2] Sanson-Fisher RW, Campbell EM, Perkins JJ, Blunden SV, Davis BB (2006) Indigenous health research: a critical review of outputs over time. Med J Australia 184, 502–5.
[3] Ivers RG (2003) A review of tobacco interventions for Indigenous Australians. Aust NZ J Publ Heal 27, 294–9.
| A review of tobacco interventions for Indigenous Australians.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[4] Magliano DJ, Barr ELM, Zimmet PZ, Cameron AJ, Dunstan DW, Colagiuri S, et al (2008) Glucose indices, health behaviors, and incidence of diabetes in Australia. Diabetes Care 31, 267–72.
| Glucose indices, health behaviors, and incidence of diabetes in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17989310PubMed |
[5] Arnold A-L, Dunn RA, Taylor HR, Keffie J, Fox S, Goujon N, et. al. National Indigenous Eye Health Survey: Minumbarreng (Tracking Eyes) full report. 2009.
[6] Fong DS, Aiello LP, Ferris FL, Klein R (2004) Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care 27, 2540–53.
| Diabetic retinopathy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15451934PubMed |
[7] Keeffe J. Screening for diabetic retinopathy: a planning and resource guide. Melbourne: Centre for Eye Research Australia; 2003.
[8] Specialist Eye Health Guidelines: for use in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. Canberra: Office for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health; 2001.
[9] National Health and Medical Research Council. Guidelines for the management of diabetic retinopathy. 2008. Available from: https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/di15.pdf [Verified 15 December 2015].
[10] Moss SE, Klein R, Klein B (1995) Factors associated with having eye examinations in persons with diabetes. Arch Fam Med 4, 529
| Factors associated with having eye examinations in persons with diabetes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3ptFCkuw%3D%3D&md5=d21fe8a7eaf291051b9b01aff6968050CAS | 7773429PubMed |
[11] Dervan E, Flynn D, Staines A, O’Shea D (2008) Factors that influence the patient uptake of diabetic retinopathy screening. Irish J Med Sci 177, 303–8.
| Factors that influence the patient uptake of diabetic retinopathy screening.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1cjjsVartQ%3D%3D&md5=e24a544457fbbf4d8373972f4d33bff1CAS | 18641918PubMed |
[12] Rani PK, Raman R, Subramani S, Perumal G, Kumaramanickavel G, Sharma T, et al (2008) Knowledge of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy among rural populations in India, and the influence of knowledge of diabetic retinopathy on attitude and practice. Rural Remote Health 8, 838
[13] Schoenfeld ERE, Greene J, Wu SYS, Leske MCM (2001) Patterns of adherence to diabetes vision care guidelines: baseline findings from the Diabetic Retinopathy Awareness Program. Ophthalmology 108, 563–71.
| Patterns of adherence to diabetes vision care guidelines: baseline findings from the Diabetic Retinopathy Awareness Program.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7lvFygtg%3D%3D&md5=59bfc763fb93d0df1ea13d02ca5ecaa1CAS |
[14] Hartnett ME, Key IJ, Loyacano NM, Horswell RL, Desalvo KB (2005) Perceived barriers to diabetic eye care: qualitative study of patients and physicians. Arch Ophthalmol 123, 387–91.
| Perceived barriers to diabetic eye care: qualitative study of patients and physicians.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15767483PubMed |
[15] Basch CE, Walker EA, Howard CJ, Shamoon H, Zybert P (1999) The effect of health education on the rate of ophthalmic examinations among African Americans with diabetes mellitus. Am J Public Health 89, 1878–82.
| The effect of health education on the rate of ophthalmic examinations among African Americans with diabetes mellitus.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2Fls1OjsA%3D%3D&md5=9298dc7d560e846cd42f4789f6ec03faCAS | 10589324PubMed |
[16] Tapp RJ, Zimmet PZ, Harper CA, de Courten MP, Balkau B, McCarty DJ, et al (2004) Diabetes care in an Australian population: frequency of screening examinations for eye and foot complications of diabetes. Diabetes Care 27, 688–93.
| Diabetes care in an Australian population: frequency of screening examinations for eye and foot complications of diabetes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 14988286PubMed |
[17] Zhang X, Williams DE, Beckles GL, Gregg EW, Barker L, Luo H, et al Project DIRECT Evaluation Study Group (2009) Diabetic retinopathy, dilated eye examination, and eye care education among African Americans. J Natl Med Assoc 101, 1015–21.
[18] Newcomb PA, Klein RR, Massoth KM (1992) Education to increase ophthalmologic care in older onset diabetes patients: indications from the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. J Diabetes Complicat 6, 211–7.
| Education to increase ophthalmologic care in older onset diabetes patients: indications from the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaK3s7ivFOqsg%3D%3D&md5=fe0712e7ec7987523dad72dee9f81185CAS | 1482778PubMed |
[19] Phillips B. Aboriginal Languages of the Kimberley. Kimberley Language Resource Centre (KLRC). Jul 1999. Available from: http://www.kimberleysociety.org/oldfiles/1999/ABORIGINAL%20LANGUAGES%20OF%20THE%20KIMBERLEY%20Jul%2099.pdf [Verified 7 June 2014].
[20] van Eijk KND, Blom JW, Gussekloo J, Polak BCP, Groeneveld Y (2012) Diabetic retinopathy screening in patients with diabetes mellitus in primary care: Incentives and barriers to screening attendance. Diabetes Res Clin Pr 96, 10–6.
| Diabetic retinopathy screening in patients with diabetes mellitus in primary care: Incentives and barriers to screening attendance.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BC38zotlWgsQ%3D%3D&md5=7e2caaacd8e1d22ad1db8e904c443c2bCAS |
[21] Mikhailovich K, Morrison P, Arabena K (2007) Evaluating Australian Indigenous community health promotion initiatives: a selective review. Rural Remote Health 7, 746