A Gene Controlling Differences in Osmoregulation in Wheat

Abstract

Evidence is presented for a single gene controlling differences in osmoregulation in wheat in response to water stress, confirming earlier results. Analyses of osmoregulation were made on the flag leaves of wheat plants which were grown in pots in the glasshouse and stressed in a controlled environment chamber by withholding water after the flag leaf had fully emerged. Osmoregulation was derived from responses of osmotic potential to relative water content or from responses of relative water content and osmotic potential to water potential. Usable estimates of osmoregulation were obtained for 67 F₂ lines derived from contrasting parents, to test for gene number, and for one substitution series with contrasting parents, to determine chromosomal location.

The F₂ frequency response, which consisted of two overlapping distributions, was compatible with a single recessive gene, the estimated ratio being 2.79 : 1 (low: high osmoregulation). This confirmed previous measurements made on F₁s and F₄s Results for the substitution series were also compatible with these results in indicating a single chromosome, 7A, which had an identical response to the low osmoregulation parent, Red Egyptian. The effects of the gene were confined to solute accumulations at water potentials above, but not below, zero turgor.