Understanding the mechanistic basis of plant adaptation to salinity and drought

Muhammad Waseem; Mehtab Muhammad Aslam; Sunil Kumar Sahu

doi:10.1071/FP23216

FOREWORD

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Understanding the mechanistic basis of plant adaptation to salinity and drought

Muhammad Waseem

^A ^B ^C ^D ^* , Mehtab Muhammad Aslam

^E ^F and Sunil Kumar Sahu ^G

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China.

^B Key Laboratory of Tropical Horticultural Crop Quality Regulation, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.

^C Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.

^D Fang Zhiyuan Academician Team Innovation Center of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China.

^E School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China.

^F College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources (CAFNR), Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.

^G State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China.

^* Correspondence to: 184328@hainanu.edu.cn

Handling Editor: Sergey Shabala

Functional Plant Biology 51, FP23216 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP23216

Submitted: 20 September 2023 Accepted: 24 January 2024 Published: 13 February 2024

Abstract

Plant growth and development is adversely affected by environmental constraints, particularly salinity and drought. Climate change has escalated the effect of salinity and drought on crops in varying ways, affecting agriculture and most importantly crop productivity. These stressors influence plants across a wide range of levels, including their morphology and physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. Plant responses to salinity and drought stress have been the subject of intense research being explored globally. Considering the importance of the impact that these stresses can have on agriculture in the short term, novel strategies are being sought and adopted in breeding programs. Better understanding of the molecular, biochemical, and physiological responses of agriculturally important plants will ultimately help promote global food security. Moreover, considering the present challenges for agriculture, it is critical to consider how we can effectively transfer the knowledge generated with these approaches in the laboratory to the field, so as to mitigate these adversities. The present collection discusses how drought and salinity exert effects on plants.

Keywords: antioxidants, drought, mechanism, oxidative stress, photosynthesis, ROS, salinity, tolerance.

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