Effects of extra potassium supply and rootstocks indicate links between water, solutes and energy in Shiraz grapevines (Vitis vinifera) pericarps

Yin Liu; Stephen Tyerman; Leigh Schmidtke; Suzy Rogiers

doi:10.1071/FP23141

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

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Effects of extra potassium supply and rootstocks indicate links between water, solutes and energy in Shiraz grapevines (Vitis vinifera) pericarps

Yin Liu

^A ^B ^C ^D ^* , Stephen Tyerman

^A ^E , Leigh Schmidtke

^A ^B ^C and Suzy Rogiers

^A ^C ^F

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.

^B School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2648, Australia.

^C Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2648, Australia.

^D School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guangdong 525000, China.

^E Department of Wine Science and Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.

^F New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: yinliu0426@outlook.com

Handling Editor: Fanrong Zeng

Functional Plant Biology 51, FP23141 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP23141

Submitted: 7 July 2023 Accepted: 28 May 2024 Published: 20 June 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Potassium (K) is essential for the development of grapevines (Vitis vinifera), accumulating into berries during maturation. Elevated K has been associated with high sugar and low acidity in juice. Characterising the accumulation patterns of K and other components in pericarps treated with various experimental factors may indicate potential regulators of berry K levels. A soil fertiliser trial using nutrient solutions with two K supply rates was conducted on potted Shiraz vines during berry ripening. Doubled-K supply increased L-malic acid content in the early-ripening phase, and increased K and magnesium concentrations in the late-ripening phase. Doubled-K supply reduced the ratio of K to sodium in later ripening phases, suggesting that the accumulation of K relative to sodium was limited in more mature berries supplied with extra K. Pericarp water percentage, sugar, K and ATP were correlated in both treatments, indicating links between hydration, solute transport and energy in maturing berries. In a separate rootstock trial over the two growing seasons, Shiraz scions grafted onto 420-A rootstock produced berries with lower K concentration and content than those grafted onto Ramsey or Ruggeri-140 rootstocks and own-rooted vines. This study demonstrated that the K supply and berry ripening phase impacted the berry K level.

Keywords: Grape berry pericarp, ionic homeostasis, nutrient, potassium, ripening phase, rootstock, vascular transport, Vitis vinifera.

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