Phosphorus and selenium uptake, root morphology, and carboxylates in the rhizosheath of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as affected by localised phosphate and selenite supply in a split-root system
Qi Peng
A B C , Zekun Zhang A D , Rui Su A D , Xingchang Zhang A B D , Hans Lambers E F G and Honghua He A B D E *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
B Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
C University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
D College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
E School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
F The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
G Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Functional Plant Biology 48(11) 1161-1174 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP21031
Submitted: 28 January 2021 Accepted: 5 August 2021 Published: 29 September 2021
© 2021 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Low availability of phosphorus (P) is a key limiting factor for the growth of many crops. Selenium (Se) is a nutrient for humans that is acquired predominantly from plants. Localised P and Se supply may affect P- and Se-uptake efficiency. Our aim was to examine the mechanisms of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to acquire P and Se when the elements are heterogeneously or homogeneously distributed in soil, and how P and Se supply affect plant growth and uptake of P and Se. We conducted a split-root experiment growing alfalfa in a loess soil with two distribution patterns (i.e. heterogeneous and homogeneous) of P and Se. The application rates of P (KH2PO4) and Se (Na2SeO3) were 0 and 20 mg P kg−1, and 0 and 1 mg Se kg−1, respectively. Our results showed that plants absorbed more Se when both P and Se were supplied homogeneously than when supplied heterogeneously. Supplying Se had a positive effect on plant P content. Localised P supply resulted in the exudation of more carboxylates by roots than homogeneous P supply did. Soil microbial biomass P was significantly greater when P was supplied homogeneously. Shoot-to-root translocation of Se had a positive effect on P-uptake efficiency. These results indicated that, compared with homogeneous P supply, localised P supply promoted P and Se uptake by increasing the amount of rhizosheath carboxylates and weakening the competition between roots and microbes. Translocation of Se within plant organs was promoted by the application of P, thus enhancing the P-uptake efficiency of alfalfa.
Keywords: heterogeneous fertilisation, legume, phosphorus-uptake efficiency, root morphology, selenium-uptake efficiency, split root, tartrate, translocation factor.
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