Physiological and proteomic analyses of Tunisian local grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cultivar Razegui in response to drought stress
Wassim Azri
A * , Rahma Jardak A , Pascal Cosette B C , Clément Guillou B C , Jawaher Riahi A and Ahmed Mliki A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, P.O. Box 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
B Laboratory of Polymers Biopolymers Surfaces, UMR 6270 CNRS, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.
C Proteomic Platform PISSARO, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aigan, France.
Functional Plant Biology 49(1) 25-39 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP21026
Submitted: 25 January 2021 Accepted: 8 October 2021 Published: 19 November 2021
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Drought is one of the major environmental constraints threatening viticulture worldwide. Therefore, it is critical to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) drought stress tolerance useful to select new species with higher tolerance/resilience potentials. Drought-tolerant Tunisian local grapevine cultivar Razegui was exposed to water deficit for 16 days. Subsequent proteomic analysis revealed 49 differentially accumulated proteins in leaves harvested on the drought-stressed vines. These proteins were mainly involved in photosynthesis, stress defence, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis/turnover and amino acid metabolism. Physiological analysis revealed that reduction of photosynthesis under drought stress was attributed to the downregulation of the light-dependent reactions, Calvin cycle and key enzymes of the photorespiration pathway. The accumulation of proteins involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism indicate enhanced need of energy during active stress acclimation. Accumulation of protein amino acids seems to play a protective role under drought stress due to their osmoprotectant and ROS scavenging potential. Reduced protein synthesis and turnover help plants preserving energy to fight drought stress. Proteins related to stress defence might scavenge ROS and transmit the ROS signal as an oxidative signal transducer in drought-stress signalling. All of these original results represent valuable information towards improving drought tolerance of grapevine and promoting sustainable viticulture under climate change conditions.
Keywords: drought, local grapevine, photosynthesis, physiological analysis, proteomics, razegui cultivar, tolerance, Vitis vinifera L.
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