Dynamic responses of gas exchange and photochemistry to heat interference during drought in wheat and sorghum
Lingling Zhu
A B , Lucas A. Cernusak C and Xin Song A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
B Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
C College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: xinsong@szu.edu.cn
Functional Plant Biology 47(7) 611-627 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP19242
Submitted: 21 August 2019 Accepted: 14 January 2020 Published: 12 May 2020
Abstract
Drought and heat stress significantly affect crop growth and productivity worldwide. It is unknown how heat interference during drought affects physiological processes dynamically in crops. Here we focussed on gas exchange and photochemistry in wheat and sorghum in response to simulated heat interference via +15°C of temperature during ~2 week drought and re-watering. Results showed that drought decreased net photosynthesis (Anet), stomatal conductance (gs), maximum velocity of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase carboxylation (Vcmax) and electron transport rate (J) in both wheat and sorghum. Heat interference did not further reduce Anet or gs. Drought increased non-photochemical quenching (Φnpq), whereas heat interference decreased Φnpq. The δ13C of leaf, stem and roots was higher in drought-treated wheat but lower in drought-treated sorghum. The results suggest that (1) even under drought conditions wheat and sorghum increased or maintained gs for transpirational cooling to alleviate negative effects by heat interference; (2) non-photochemical quenching responded differently to drought and heat stress; (3) wheat and sorghum responded in opposing patterns in δ13C. These findings point to the importance of stomatal regulation under heat crossed with drought stress and could provide useful information on development of better strategies to secure crop production for future climate change.
Additional keywords: chlorophyll fluorescence, C4, high temperature, photosynthesis, stable isotope, water deficit.
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