Structural and functional disorder in the photosynthetic apparatus of radish plants under magnesium deficiency
Izabela A. Samborska A , Hazem M. Kalaji A F , Leszek Sieczko B , Vasilij Goltsev C , Wojciech Borucki D and Anjana Jajoo E F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
B Department of Experimental Statistics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
C Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Faculty of Biology, St. Kl. Ohridski University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., Sofia, 1164, Bulgaria.
D Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS-SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
E School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Indore 452017, India.
F Corresponding authors. Email: hazem@kalaji.pl; anjanajajoo@hotmail.com
Functional Plant Biology 45(6) 668-679 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP17241
Submitted: 20 August 2017 Accepted: 4 January 2018 Published: 15 February 2018
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is one of the significant macronutrients which is involved in the structural stabilisation of plant tissues and many enzymes such as PSII. The latter efficiency and performance were analysed, using chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence induction kinetics and microscopic images, to detect the changes in structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus of radish plants grown under Mg deficiency (Mgdef). Plants grown under Mgdef showed less PSII connectivity and fewer active primary electron acceptors (QA) oxidizing reaction centres than control plants. Confocal and electron microscopy analyses showed an increased amount of starch in chloroplasts, and 3,3ʹ-diaminobenzidine (DAB)-uptake method revealed higher H2O2 accumulation under Mgdef. Prominent changes in the Chl a fluorescence parameters such as dissipated energy flux per reaction centre (DIo/RC), relative variable fluorescence at 150 μs (Vl), and the sum of the partial driving forces for the events involved in OJIP fluorescence rise (DFabs) were observed under Mg deficiency. The latter also significantly affected some other parameters such as dissipated energy fluxes per cross-section (DIo/CSo), performance index for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII antenna until the reduction of PSI acceptors (PItotal), and relative variable fluorescence at 300 μs (Vk). This work emphasises the use of chlorophyll fluorescence in combination with microscopic and statistical analyses to diagnose the effects of nutrients deficiency stress on plants at an early stage of its development as demonstrated for the example of Mgdef. Due to the short growth period and simple cultivation conditions of radish plant we recommend it as a new standard (model) plant to study nutrients deficiency and changes in plant photosynthetic efficiency under stress conditions.
Additional keywords: chlorophyll fluorescence, Mg deficiency, photosystem II.
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