Phloem fibres as motors of gravitropic behaviour of flax plants: level of transcriptome
Oleg Gorshkov A , Natalia Mokshina A , Nadezda Ibragimova A , Marina Ageeva A , Natalia Gogoleva A B and Tatyana Gorshkova A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia.
B Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russia.
C Corresponding author. Email: gorshkova@kibb.knc.ru
This paper originates from a presentation at the Fourth International Symposium on Plant Signaling and Behavior, Komarov Botanical Institute RAS/Russian Science Foundation, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 19–23 June 2016.
Functional Plant Biology 45(2) 203-214 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP16348
Submitted: 2 October 2016 Accepted: 16 January 2017 Published: 14 March 2017
Abstract
Restoration of stem vertical position after plant inclination is a widely spread version of plant orientation in accordance with gravity vector direction. Gravitropic behaviour of flax plants involves the formation of curvature in stem region that has ceased elongation long in advance of stem inclination. The important participants of such behaviour are phloem fibres with constitutively formed tertiary cell wall (G-layer). We performed the large-scale transcriptome profiling of phloem fibres isolated from pulling and opposite sides of gravitropic curvature and compared with control plant fibres. Significant changes in transcript abundance take place for genes encoding proteins of several ion channels, transcription factors and other regulating elements. The largest number of upregulated genes belonged to the cell wall category; many of those were specifically upregulated in fibres of pulling stem side. The obtained data permit to suggest the mechanism of fibre participation in gravitropic reaction that involves the increase of turgor pressure and the rearrangements of cell wall structure in order to improve contractile properties, and to identify the regulatory elements that operate specifically in the fibres of the pulling stem side making gelatinous phloem fibres an important element of gravitropic response in herbaceous plants.
Additional keywords: auxin, brassinosteroids, ethylene, gene regulation, gibberellins, potassium channels.
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