Distinction and characterisation of salinity tolerant and sensitive rice cultivars as probed by the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and growth parameters
Devendra Pratap Singh A B and Ramani Kumar Sarkar A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack-753 006, India.
B Corresponding author. Email: dpsingh_crri@yahoo.com
Functional Plant Biology 41(7) 727-736 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP13229
Submitted: 1 August 2013 Accepted: 20 January 2014 Published: 14 February 2014
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that limits rice productivity worldwide. The problem is intense – particularly in areas with extremely dry and hot climatic conditions. Designing an effective phenotyping strategy requires thorough understanding of plant survival under stress. The investigation was conducted using 12 rice cultivars differing in salinity tolerance. Among these cultivars, seedling survival on day 10 of salt treatment (12 dS m–1) was above 85% during wet season and 75% during dry season in FL478, AC39416, Pokkali and Kamini. Highly salt-tolerant cultivars maintained greater proportion of green leaf and chlorophyll content under salt stress. Unlike sensitive cultivars, tolerant cultivars taken up less Na+ and more K+, resulting in lower Na+ : K+ ratio in leaf and sheath. Normalised chlorophyll a fluorescence data revealed that the Fv/Fm and PIABS values decreased on days 3 and 7, respectively, of salt stress in susceptible rice cultivar. Salinity factor index (SFI) calculated by giving different weights to relative PIABS values after variable days of salinity stress clearly distinguished the level of tolerance among rice cultivars. The SFI can be used for grouping of moderately to highly salt-tolerant cultivars based on their tolerance level. We conclude that maintenance of greater proportion of green leaf, and restricted transport of Na+ to sheath and leaf helps the plant to counteract adverse effects of salinity on rice growth.
Additional keywords: chlorophyll fluorescence, green-leaf proportion, Na+ : K+ ratio, rice cultivars, salinity factor index.
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