Induction of secondary metabolism in grape cell cultures by jasmonates
Claudio D’ Onofrio A , Agnieszka Cox B , Christopher Davies B and Paul K. Boss B CA Department of Fruit Science and Plant Protection of Woody Species ‘G. Scaramuzzi’, Fruit Science Section, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
B CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: paul.boss@csiro.au
Functional Plant Biology 36(4) 323-338 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP08280
Submitted: 30 October 2008 Accepted: 27 January 2009 Published: 1 April 2009
Abstract
The use of a genetic approach to study the biosynthetic pathways leading to the production of secondary metabolites in grapes is difficult given the long generation times and difficulty in transforming this species. In the present study, GC/MS and microarray experiments were used to identify compounds produced in grape cell cultures in response to jasmonates and to examine the expression of genes from pathways that produce these secondary metabolites. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and jasmonic acid (JA) treatments resulted in the production of at least 25 compounds with sesquiterpene-like mass spectra in the cell cultures. A significantly greater amount of proanthocyanidins was produced in the MeJA-treated cell cultures compared with controls and stilbene biosynthesis was induced in both MeJA- and JA-treated cells. Salicylic acid (SA) suppressed the MeJA-associated increase in sesquiterpenes and proanthocyanidins, but SA did not suppress the stilbene production induced by MeJA treatment. The mechanism by which jasmonates induced secondary metabolite production in cultured grape cells varied depending on the pathway. The increased production of proanthocyanidins and stilbenes was associated with the induction of all of the genes in associated biosynthesis pathways, including those involved in the production of phenylalanine, whereas increased sesquiterpene synthesis was linked to the induction of certain genes from relevant biosynthesis pathways.
Additional keywords: proanthocyanidin, salicylic acid, sesquiterpene, stilbene.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the technical assistance of Emily Nicholson, Sue Maffei, Lauren Hooper, Sandra Protopsaltis and Maria Mrinak. We also thank the staff at AGRF Melbourne for microarray probing and scanning.
Arimura G,
Ozawa R,
Shimoda T,
Nishioka T,
Boland W, Takabyashi J
(2000) Herbivory-induced volatiles elicit defence genes in lima bean leaves. Nature 406, 512–515.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
CAS |
(American Society of Plant Biologists: Rockville)
Van Poecke RMP,
Posthumus MA, Dicke M
(2001) Herbivore-induced volatile production by Arabidopsis thaliana leads to attraction of the parasitoid Cotesia rubecula: chemical, behavioral, and gene-expression analysis. Journal of Chemical Ecology 27, 1911–1928.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
CAS |
Wood C,
Siebert TE,
Parker M,
Capone DL, Elsey GM , et al.
(2008) From wine to pepper: rotundone, an obscure sesquiterpene, is a potent spicy aroma compound. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56, 3738–3744.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
CAS |
Yu CKY,
Springob K,
Schmidt JR,
Nicholson RL,
Chu IK,
Yip WK, Lo C
(2005) A stilbene synthase gene (SbSTS1) is involved in host and nonhost defense responses in sorghum. Plant Physiology 138, 393–401.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
CAS |
Zhu-Salzman K,
Salzman RA,
Ahn JE, Koiwa H
(2004) Transcriptional regulation of sorghum defense determinants against a phloem-feeding aphid. Plant Physiology 134, 420–431.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
CAS |
