Comparative mapping of a QTL controlling black point formation in barley
Timothy J. March A C , Jason A. Able A , Kerrie Willsmore B , Carolyn J. Schultz A and Amanda J. Able A DA School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
B South Australian Research and Development Institute, PO Box 397, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
C Present address: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Agrar- und Ernãhrungswissenschaften, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany.
D Corresponding author. Email: amanda.able@adelaide.edu.au
Functional Plant Biology 35(5) 427-437 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP08089
Submitted: 19 March 2008 Accepted: 22 May 2008 Published: 11 July 2008
Abstract
The dark discoloration of the embryo end of barley grain (known as black point) is a physiological disorder and the discovery of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on 2H confirms this trait is controlled genetically. The mechanisms underlying black point tolerance can now be dissected through identification of candidate genes. Comparisons between the QTL identified on chromosomes 2H of barley and 2B of wheat suggest that they are in similar positions near the centromere. In silico analysis, using rice, identified genes residing on two comparative chromosomes (4 and 7) of the rice genome. Analysis of the 12.6 Mb region revealed 1928 unique annotations classified into 11 functional categories. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with high sequence similarity to enzymes proposed to be involved in black point formation were used to develop restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). To ensure an even coverage of markers across the QTL, RFLP markers were also developed from other ESTs. Mapping of these markers has reduced the QTL region from 28 to 18 cM. This study has identified candidate genes for the control of black point formation and paves the way for future research to develop black point resistant barley cultivars.
Additional keywords: barley black point, grain development, Hordeum vulgare, synteny.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Margie Pallotta for supplying the barley-wheat addition line membranes. This research was supported by the Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre (MPB CRC) and the University of Adelaide.
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