Ab initio molecular orbital study of simple 1,3-dipolar reactions

Abstract

Ab initio molecular orbital calculations with minimal and extended basis sets have been carried out for the 1,3-dipolar addition of fulminic acid to acetylene, ethylene, ethynamine and propynenitrile. Optimized geometries are reported for the transition states HCNO+C₂H₂, HCNO+C₂H₄, HCNO+ C₂HNH₂, for the adducts isoxazole and 2-isoxazoline, and for nitrosocyclopropene as a possible intermediate. The calculations indicate that (a) these 1,3-dipolar reactions are synchronous processes, (b) the geometry of the transition state is insensitive to substitution and (c) of the isomeric substituted adducts, 5-aminoisoxazole and isoxazole-4-carbonitrile should be formed preferentially.