Addition compounds of aldehydes

Abstract

Equilibrium constants at 298°K have been measured spectrophotometrically for the following reactions in water:        (i) Hydrogen-bonded addition of the aldehyde hydrates ethane, propane-, and butane-1,1-diols to the anions chloride, acetate, hydrogen carbonate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate.        (ii) Nucleophilic addition of imidazole to the aldehydes ethanal, propanal, and butanal.        (iii) Hydration (to 1,1-diols) of ethanal, propanal, 2- methylpropanal, and butanal.     P.m.r. and kinetic evidence is presented to support the assumed nature of the equilibria discussed.