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Australian Journal of Chemistry Australian Journal of Chemistry Society
An international journal for chemical science
REVIEW (Open Access)

Molecular electronics: an Australian perspective

Jeffrey R. Reimers https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5157-7422 A B * and Paul J. Low https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-2296 C *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.

B School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.

C School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.




Jeffrey Reimers studied spectroscopy at ANU with Ian Ross and Gad Fischer (1978–79) before studying simulations with Robert Watts (1980–82), and then semiclassical quantum science with Kent Wilson and Eric Heller at the University of California—San Diego during 1983–85. This led to a career in molecular electronics working alongside Noel Hush and Maxwell Crossley at Sydney University from 1985 to 2013, followed by Shanghai University and University of Technology Sydney thenceforth. He is best known for his works in understanding electric-field control of biological photochemical charge separation and the development of computational strategies for modelling single-molecule conductivity and spectroscopy. He is a Fellow of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Royal Society of NSW and the Australian Academy of Science.



Paul Low developed his interests in organometallic chemistry and mixed-valence complexes at the University of Adelaide under the tutelage of Michael I. Bruce. Following postdoctoral work at the Steacie Institute of Molecular Sciences with Arthur J. Carty, Paul was appointed to the Department of Chemistry at Durham University (UK) (1999 Lecturer; 2006 Reader; 2010 Professor). In the UK, Paul developed research themes in molecular electronics, with colleagues including Martin Bryce, Richard Nichols and Colin Lambert. Paul returned to Australia and the University of Western Australia in 2013. For his work, he has been awarded EPSRC Leadership (2009) and ARC Future Fellowships (2012), an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Research Award (2016) and the Royal Australian Chemical Institute’s H. G. Smith Memorial Medal (2020).


Handling Editor: John Wade

Australian Journal of Chemistry 76(9) 559-580 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH23008
Submitted: 10 January 2023  Accepted: 15 June 2023   Published: 12 July 2023

© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Molecular electronics is a scientific endeavour that, for 60 years, has offered the promise of new technologies in which molecules integrate with, if not entirely replace, semiconductor electronics. En route to the attainment of these ambitious goals, central aspects underpinning the pursuit of this science have proven critical to the development of related technologies, including organic photovoltaics (OPV) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Looking ahead, new opportunities in the field abound, from the study of molecular charge transport and the elucidation of molecular reaction mechanisms, to the development of biocompatible and degradable electronics, and the construction of novel chemical sensors with exquisite sensitivity and specificity. This article reviews historical developments in molecular electronics, with a particular focus on Australia’s contributions to the area. Australia’s current activity in molecular electronics research is also summarised, highlighting the capacity to both advance fundamental knowledge and develop new technologies. Scientific aspects considered include capabilities in: single molecule and molecular–monolayer junction measurement; spectroscopic analysis of molecular components and materials; synthetic chemistry; computational analysis of molecular materials and junctions; and the development of theoretical concepts that describe the electrical characteristics of molecular components, materials and putative device structures. Technological aspects considered include various aspects of molecular material design and implementation, such as: OPV and OLED construction, sensing technologies and applications, and power generation from heat gradients or friction. Missing capabilities are identified, and a future pathway for Australian scientific and technological development envisaged.

Keywords: electron transfer, electron transport, molecular devices, molecular electronics, molecular switches, nanotechnology, organic electronics, technology relevance levels.


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