Electrochemical Investigation of Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode and its Application in Ketoconazole Determination
Mutasem M. Alshalalfeh A , Manzar Sohail B C , Tawfik A. Saleh C and Md. Abdul Aziz BA Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
B Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
C Corresponding author. Email: manzarsohail@kfupm.edu.sa; manzar.sohail@gmail.com
Australian Journal of Chemistry 69(11) 1314-1320 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH16072
Submitted: 6 February 2016 Accepted: 12 May 2016 Published: 24 June 2016
Abstract
Ketoconazole (KCZ) is an extensively used antifungal compound and is an active ingredient of anti-scaling shampoos, pomades, and skin ointments. In this work, the cyclic voltammetric behaviour of KCZ was studied with a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode. The conditions for KCZ determination with GC/AuNP were optimised to achieve the best possible response. A pre-adsorption voltage of –1.6 V, a deposition time of 120 s, pH 4.0, and stirring of the KCZ solution during deposition were chosen as the optimum conditions for KCZ determination. The anodic peak at 0.697 V was used for KCZ determination. A linear concentration range of 20–100 μM (R2 = 0.9986) and a detection limit of 2.3 μM (3σ) was achieved for KCZ using the GC/AuNP electrode.
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