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RESEARCH FRONT
Contents Vol 69(11)

Development of Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Technologies: Recent Advances and Current Challenges

Antonella Amore A C D , Peter N. Ciesielski A C , Chien-Yuan Lin A C , Davinia Salvachúa B C and Violeta Sànchez i Nogué B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA.

B National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA.

C All authors contributed equally to this work.

D Corresponding author. Email: antonella.amore@nrel.gov




Antonella Amore received her bachelor's degree (2007) and Master's degree (2009) from the University of Naples ‘Federico II’ (Italy), where she also received her Ph.D. in molecular and industrial biotechnology (2013). She worked as a post-doctoral researcher at the same university from 2013 to 2015. She is currently a post-doctoral researcher in the Biosciences Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (since June 2015). Her research is focussed on the optimization of enzymes for bioethanol production.


Peter Ciesielski received a B.S. in chemical and biological engineering from Colorado State University in 2006. He then accepted an NSF IGERT Fellowship at Vanderbilt University where he received a Ph.D. in interdisciplinary materials science in 2010. He is currently a research scientist in the Biosciences Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Peter has a broad interdisciplinary background and training that encompasses many aspects of bioenergy and biomaterials science, including advanced imaging techniques, computational image analysis, modeling and simulation, and electrochemical catalysis. At NREL, Peter applies these tools to evaluate the impacts of thermochemical and biochemical treatments of biomass that facilitate its transformation into renewable fuels, chemicals, and nanomaterials.


Chien-Yuan Lin received his B.S. in life science in 2007 and his M.S. in microbiology and biochemistry in 2009 from National Taiwan University. He received his Ph.D. in forestry from North Carolina State University in 2015. His thesis work was focussed on genetics and secondary metabolism in plants, with particular interest in lignin biosynthesis and plant cell walls. He joined the National Renewable Energy Laboratory as a post-doctoral researcher in June 2015. He is interested in feedstock improvement for producing biofuel and other valuable products.


Davinia Salvachúa is a staff scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colorado (USA). Her research is focussed on biological lignin depolymerization and upgrading of lignin and sugar to chemicals and fuel precursors through fermentation development with diverse microorganisms. She received her bachelor's degree in biology from Alcalá de Henares University in 2007 and her Ph.D. in biology from the Department of Microbiology at the Complutense University of Madrid in 2013. She has worked as a post-doctoral fellow in the Center of Biological Research (Madrid, Spain) and NREL.


Violeta Sànchez i Nogué received a B.S. in chemical engineering from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona in 2007 and a Ph.D. in engineering from the Division of Applied Microbiology at Lund University in 2013. Her thesis work was focussed on the industrial challenges in the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for ethanolic fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass. After she defended her thesis, she worked as a research scientist at C5 Ligno Technologies in Lund AB, developing recombinant industrial yeast strains with lignocellulose bioconversion properties. She joined the National Renewable Energy Laboratory as a post-doctoral researcher in July 2015. Her interests lie in the production of chemicals and fuels from biomass feedstocks involving biotechnological steps.

Australian Journal of Chemistry 69(11) 1201-1218 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH16022
Submitted: 16 January 2016  Accepted: 24 March 2016   Published: 6 June 2016

Abstract

Recent developments of the biorefinery concept are described within this review, which focuses on the efforts required to make the lignocellulosic biorefinery a sustainable and economically viable reality. Despite the major research and development endeavours directed towards this goal over the past several decades, the integrated production of biofuel and other bio-based products still needs to be optimized from both technical and economical perspectives. This review will highlight recent progress towards the optimization of the major biorefinery processes, including biomass pretreatment and fractionation, saccharification of sugars, and conversion of sugars and lignin into fuels and chemical precursors. In addition, advances in genetic modification of biomass structure and composition for the purpose of enhancing the efficacy of conversion processes, which is emerging as a powerful tool for tailoring biomass fated for the biorefinery, will be overviewed. The continual improvement of these processes and their integration in the format of a modern biorefinery is paving the way for a sustainable bio-economy which will displace large portions of petroleum-derived fuels and chemicals with renewable substitutes.


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