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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 67(3)

Azides – Diazonium Ions – Triazenes: Versatile Nitrogen-rich Functional Groups

Dominik K. Kölmel A , Nicole Jung A B and Stefan Bräse A B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

B Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.

C Corresponding author. Email: braese@kit.edu

Australian Journal of Chemistry 67(3) 328-336 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH13533
Submitted: 3 October 2013  Accepted: 20 November 2013   Published: 19 December 2013

Abstract

For more than 100 years, nitrogen-rich compounds such as azides, diazonium ions, and triazenes have proved to be extremely valuable. Because these functional groups can be easily introduced into various substrates, they are frequently used nowadays. More importantly, they can be converted into a great number of other functional groups. The scope of this article is thus to summarize possible synthetic routes for the formation of these functional groups as well as to highlight some of the most prominent applications of these exciting moieties in chemical biology and combinatorial chemistry. Many of the most famous name reactions such as the Staudinger reduction, Staudinger ligation, Sandmeyer reaction, Wallach reaction, Mitsunobu reaction, Huisgen reaction, Balz–Schiemann reaction, Meerwein arylation, Pschorr reaction or Gomberg–Bachmann reaction are covered.


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