Environmental Mass Spectrometry in the North American Great Lakes Fish Monitoring and Surveillance Program
Bernard S. Crimmins A D , James J. Pagano B , Michael S. Milligan C and Thomas M. Holsen A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
B Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Oswego, 430B Shineman Center, 30 Centennial Drive, Oswego, NY 13126, USA.
C Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Fredonia, 218 Houghton Hall, Fredonia, NY 14063, USA.
D Corresponding author. Email: bcrimmin@clarkson.edu
Australian Journal of Chemistry 66(7) 798-806 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH13166
Submitted: 10 April 2013 Accepted: 12 June 2013 Published: 15 July 2013
Abstract
The Great Lakes Fish Monitoring and Surveillance Program (GLFMSP) has served to protect the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America for decades. Top predator fish from each lake are employed as bioindicators of chemical stressors within each lake. While a vast database has been created for legacy contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides, a recent programmatic shift has transformed GLFMSP into a more proactive new chemical discovery/screening endeavour to capture the burden of more contemporary chemicals in the environment. The transition prompted the need for advanced instrumentation and the evaluation of mass spectrometric approaches beyond traditional electron capture detection and unit mass resolution mass spectrometers. Here the advances in detection methods are documented and the current direction of the program in creating a living database of anthropogenic chemicals affecting Great Lakes fish is highlighted.
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