Production and Regulation of Levels of Amidated Peptide Hormones*
Feihua Cao A and Christopher J. Easton A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
B Corresponding author. Email: easton@rsc.anu.edu.au
Feihua (Lucy) Cao has a B.Sc. degree from Lanzhou University in China, where she also completed her M.Sc. degree in the area of medicinal chemistry at the School of Pharmacy. She then moved to the Australian National University, supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council, and has recently completed her Ph.D. thesis entitled ‘Effective Regulation of Peptide Hormones’. |
Professor Chris Easton is a graduate of Flinders University and the University of Adelaide. Currently he leads the Biochemical Reactions and Molecular Recognition Group in the Research School of Chemistry at the Australian National University. He is also a CSIRO Adjunct Science Fellow, Cluster Leader of the CSIRO Research Cluster for Biotechnological Solutions to Australia’s Transport Energy and Greenhouse Gas Challenges, a Programme Leader of the Grains Research and Development Corporation Crop Nutrients Project and Deputy Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology. |
Australian Journal of Chemistry 66(3) 297-307 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH12546
Submitted: 14 December 2012 Accepted: 19 January 2013 Published: 15 February 2013
Abstract
Peptide hormones with a C-terminal amide regulate numerous physiological processes and are associated with many disease states. Consequently, the key enzymes involved in their production, peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase and carboxypeptidase E, have been studied intensively. This review surveys what is known about the enzymes themselves and their cofactors, as well as their substrates and competitive and mechanism-based inhibitors.
References
[1] E. A. Nillni, Front. Neuroendocrinol. 2010, 31, 134.| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXktlCisr4%3D&md5=aa98d925ae0a2da1b3a82841cc4eec98CAS |
[2] L. Hilsted, Regul. Pept. 1991, 36, 323.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XjsVKlsA%3D%3D&md5=c9434d4ecdbda2b7be3cd43288395dd3CAS |
[3] R. Guillemin, P. Brazeau, P. Böhlen, F. Esch, N. Ling, W. B. Wehrenberg, Science 1982, 218, 585.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXhtVWms7k%3D&md5=47902161ae3e7966cc187d3f7da1d067CAS |
[4] K.-H. Kim, B. Seong, Biotechnol. Bioproc. E. 2001, 6, 244.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmslSksLs%3D&md5=926bb43b2783e01a49d298b46e06d4b7CAS |
[5] S. T. Prigge, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, L. M. Amzel, Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2000, 57, 1236.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmsFWgt7o%3D&md5=9a8775378862f69dda4491387d1dd65fCAS |
[6] K. Kitamura, K. Kangawa, M. Kawamoto, Y. Ichiki, S. Nakamura, H. Matsuo, T. Eto, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1993, 192, 553.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXksVWktb0%3D&md5=169be8bca659c5ed240210dda2f424a4CAS |
[7] T. Sanke, G. I. Bell, C. Sample, A. H. Rubenstein, D. F. Steiner, J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263, 17243.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXit1Kgsr8%3D&md5=a3df269ad37b5f2cd0ab2ce42c827681CAS |
[8] G. J. Cooper, A. C. Willis, A. Clark, R. C. Turner, R. B. Sim, K. B. Reid, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1987, 84, 8628.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXpt1GmtA%3D%3D&md5=fffd6dc95ee2b6896b0d4b68dabc1962CAS |
[9] A. Light, V. Du Vigneaud, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1958, 98, 692.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaG1MXht1Gkuw%3D%3D&md5=cb092c15046c1a7f54593d32400d37e9CAS |
[10] R. Neher, B. Riniker, W. Rittel, H. Zuber, Helv. Chim. Acta 1968, 51, 1900.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaF1MXitVeiuw%3D%3D&md5=494d66b096c8b165afd8e690286fcee2CAS |
[11] D. Vishnuvardhan, M. C. Beinfeld, Biochemistry 2000, 39, 13825.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnsVGgtbg%3D&md5=6e1258afd29bf09586693dc798d509ccCAS |
[12] P. H. Bentley, G. W. Kenner, R. C. Sheppard, Nature 1966, 209, 583.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaF28Xos1Sitw%3D%3D&md5=c89091bca29074550b78866a90a3b3e4CAS |
[13] R. A. Gregory, H. J. Tracy, K. L. Agarwal, M. I. Grossman, Gut 1969, 10, 603.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaF1MXltFSrtbk%3D&md5=2d83400f75a994c5c88fb44a104c0095CAS |
[14] A. M. Lebacq-Verheyden, P. G. Kasprzyk, M. G. Raum, K. Van Wyke Coelingh, J. A. Lebacq, J. F. Battey, Mol. Cell. Biol. 1988, 8, 3129.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXlvVerur0%3D&md5=b72a3b18bc177357fd8c96eb6341d08bCAS |
[15] T. Ohtaki, Y. Shintani, S. Honda, H. Matsumoto, A. Hori, K. Kanehashi, Y. Terao, S. Kumano, Y. Takatsu, Y. Masuda, Y. Ishibashi, T. Watanabe, M. Asada, T. Yamada, M. Suenaga, C. Kitada, S. Usuki, T. Kurokawa, H. Onda, O. Nishimura, M. Fujino, Nature 2001, 411, 613.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXksVSgs7o%3D&md5=c44147d9be296872a7bdf9c976ef03d1CAS |
[16] A. Bertolini, R. Tacchi, A. V. Vergoni, Pharmacol. Res. 2009, 59, 13.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjvFKquw%3D%3D&md5=7dfa89fb2189f98d2ca2d1dce4f69dbbCAS |
[17] M. Fenger, A. H. Johnsen, Biochem. J. 1988, 250, 781.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXhvFylsrk%3D&md5=e8f5ac3bd39994899b052be415732e04CAS |
[18] E. Theodorsson-Norheim, H. Jörnvall, M. Andersson, I. Norheim, K. Öberg, G. Jacobsson, Eur. J. Biochem. 1987, 166, 693.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlsFajtbc%3D&md5=4cc9335fb51eafb6abebc5c28e5b4ef9CAS |
[19] N. M. Page, R. J. Woods, S. M. Gardiner, K. Lomthaisong, R. T. Gladwell, D. J. Butlin, I. T. Manyonda, P. J. Lowry, Nature 2000, 405, 797.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXksVOqur0%3D&md5=9c11ebdee32cab72ef7a6982c4f79c29CAS |
[20] I. M. Krane, S. L. Naylor, D. Helin-Davis, W. W. Chin, E. R. Spindel, J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263, 13317.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXht12mt7c%3D&md5=565ff9f7213d090ba21b42082d34f685CAS |
[21] K. Mori, M. Miyazato, T. Ida, N. Murakami, R. Serino, Y. Ueta, M. Kojima, K. Kangawa, EMBO J. 2005, 24, 325.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmslOmsQ%3D%3D&md5=25c09d22cbc1945d16eaa3e95281693bCAS |
[22] C. Austin, G. Lo, K. A. Nandha, L. Meleagros, S. R. Bloom, J. Mol. Endocrinol. 1995, 14, 157.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlt1Wqtbs%3D&md5=c3059fa020af07b74207c4405929a522CAS |
[23] C. D. Minth, P. C. Andrews, J. E. Dixon, J. Biol. Chem. 1986, 261, 11974.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XlvVGis78%3D&md5=c6c8f7752da53d84eaf764aa590077dbCAS |
[24] S. A. Monks, G. Karagianis, G. J. Howlett, R. S. Norton, J. Biomol. NMR 1996, 8, 379.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXlvVSgtg%3D%3D&md5=8ca257b9b17ab011c8c6ce8ec744e1a6CAS |
[25] K. Sekiya, M. A. Ghatei, N. Minamino, D. Bretherton-Watt, H. Matsuo, S. R. Bloom, FEBS Lett. 1988, 228, 153.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXhs1WmtLo%3D&md5=86c9f8cd43132e1b7a527b9d2af5957cCAS |
[26] C. D. Oldham, C. Li, J. Feng, R. O. Scott, W. Z. Wang, A. B. Moore, P. R. Girard, J. Huang, R. B. Caldwell, R. W. Caldwell, S. W. May, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 1997, 273, C1908.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjvFWjsQ%3D%3D&md5=1f298b7a34c9f3adfff3e8a897e39da7CAS |
[27] E. Gáspár, C. Hardenbicker, E. Bodó, B. Wenzel, Y. Ramot, W. Funk, A. Kromminga, R. Paus, FASEB J. 2010, 24, 393.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[28] M. Otsuka, K. Yoshioka, Physiol. Rev. 1993, 73, 229.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXks1eiur0%3D&md5=ca2b944e8e4ca3b241df9e1ac16e304dCAS |
[29] A. Gayen, S. K. Goswami, C. Mukhopadhyay, BBA – Biomembranes 2011, 1808, 127.
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsFart73K&md5=db18517e9c3ac6727835016fc4e821a9CAS |
[30] P. S. Hill, D. D. Smith, J. Slaninova, V. J. Hruby, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 3110.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXhsl2rtbg%3D&md5=f168cab7a47f3e78b9f52de31f55a0efCAS |
[31] H.-J. Lee, A. H. Macbeth, J. H. Pagani, W. S. Young, Prog. Neurobiol. 2009, 88, 127.
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmsFyksrw%3D&md5=ecb6e619a07839a6708db7bbbc2d959cCAS |
[32] M. D. Erion, J. Tan, M. Wong, A. Y. Jeng, J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 4430.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXisFyhtbg%3D&md5=a50dcb8f0d35bec16e592b00c8decce1CAS |
[33] M. Salido, J. Vilches, A. López, G. M. Roomans, Cancer 2002, 94, 368.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhtV2qsrg%3D&md5=41e4f63b52ee8c32666b7fe7ea1139a7CAS |
[34] S. Schifter, Peptides 1997, 18, 307.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXivFGksr4%3D&md5=94e5abaa8a38e096839e682d6474e29cCAS |
[35] A. F. Bradbury, D. G. Smyth, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1983, 112, 372.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXktVahsbs%3D&md5=261e6b69dda186eb8479c66a1854f5e2CAS |
[36] A. E. N. Landymore-Lim, A. F. Bradbury, D. G. Smyth, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1983, 117, 289.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXhtFKqu7c%3D&md5=9217a1a7bf90229e91191445167a9b4aCAS |
[37] M. Bersani, A. H. Johnsen, P. Højrup, B. E. Dunning, J. J. Andreasen, J. J. Holst, FEBS Lett. 1991, 283, 189.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXlt1OgtbY%3D&md5=2c74f1f892db6beca60c9f2f79add1c7CAS |
[38] C. J. Dickinson, D. Daugherty, Y. J. Guo, B. Stadler, S. Finniss, T. Yamada, J. Biol. Chem. 1993, 268, 15929.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlsFanuro%3D&md5=e07e0572780c77ee93db55e353a64d12CAS |
[39] A. S. Kolhekar, M. S. Roberts, N. Jiang, R. C. Johnson, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, P. H. Taghert, J. Neurosci. 1997, 17, 1363.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhtVKjsr8%3D&md5=869a8449df2ce55baff8cb09a3bb05adCAS |
[40] N. Jiang, A. S. Kolhekar, P. S. Jacobs, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, P. H. Taghert, Dev. Biol. 2000, 226, 118.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmsFemsbk%3D&md5=2d9c0033a9b7c98368b22decf42a4965CAS |
[41] T. C. Owen, D. J. Merkler, Med. Hypotheses 2004, 62, 392.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXht1KhsL0%3D&md5=cedd5defb7b3519ff476cc1bcbc03d27CAS |
[42] R. Kulathila, K. A. Merkler, D. J. Merkler, Nat. Prod. Rep. 1999, 16, 145.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXitFajs7s%3D&md5=453f37a63dbcdeee8e248f953c579223CAS |
[43] S. T. Prigge, A. S. Kolhekar, B. A. Eipper, R. E. Mains, L. M. Amzel, Nat. Struct. Biol. 1999, 6, 976.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmslCktb4%3D&md5=5451fea6e0f98305aeaa522ba03cb7f3CAS |
[44] B. A. Eipper, A. S. W. Quon, R. E. Mains, J. S. Boswell, N. J. Blackburn, Biochemistry 1995, 34, 2857.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjvFOkur8%3D&md5=a32dc831b3f62182607dc2c097727724CAS |
[45] J. S. Boswell, B. J. Reedy, R. Kulathila, D. Merkler, N. J. Blackburn, Biochemistry 1996, 35, 12241.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XltlCksr0%3D&md5=078a8891778a83b338535a1f94ffe7dcCAS |
[46] S. Jaron, N. J. Blackburn, Biochemistry 1999, 38, 15086.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmslCltbg%3D&md5=133ccf5e842ac64089f8162ec34724c0CAS |
[47] J. Bell, R. El Meskini, D. D’Amato, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, Biochemistry 2003, 42, 7133.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjvVGnu70%3D&md5=35ae725ee5ed7d45a2feab6659afd840CAS |
[48] B. A. Eipper, S. N. Perkins, E. J. Husten, R. C. Johnson, H. T. Keutmann, R. E. Mains, J. Biol. Chem. 1991, 266, 7827.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXksVCktb4%3D&md5=4325d5783b2d1dcb5f4d5c30388a53e1CAS |
[49] J. Bell, D. E. Ash, L. M. Snyder, R. Kulathila, N. J. Blackburn, D. J. Merkler, Biochemistry 1997, 36, 16239.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjs1GgsQ%3D%3D&md5=72a047f0fb17e272065f944c9f6afcd7CAS |
[50] N. R. McIntyre, E. W. Lowe, J. L. Belof, M. Ivkovic, J. Shafer, B. Space, D. J. Merkler, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16393.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtlOqu7nP&md5=c504bfee06d3cc762d2b1fd9e0c64140CAS |
[51] D. Ping, C. E. Mounier, S. W. May, J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 29250.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpvVOgsr8%3D&md5=ee7b1fdcaffecc062362803f3978003dCAS |
[52] C. Rajagopal, K. L. Stone, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, J. Biol. Chem. 2010, 285, 34632.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtlGktb3I&md5=539cc1174e40e36024f0bfd4b6dce9d0CAS |
[53] M. D. Vos, J. E. Jones, A. M. Treston, Gene 1995, 163, 307.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXosVOgsLc%3D&md5=28c43e74adcc9eda40353f3614ccb008CAS |
[54] B. A. Eipper, R. E. Mains, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1988, 50, 333.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXitFyjsLg%3D&md5=36fcc852bf25402e385108292563535fCAS |
[55] B. A. Eipper, R. E. Mains, C. C. Glembotski, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1983, 80, 5144.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXisFKi&md5=bd6726d0d7db30d1335d1182b2c89069CAS |
[56] V. May, B. A. Eipper, J. Biol. Chem. 1985, 260, 16224.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXlvFShtLY%3D&md5=7f156b0e3df7c1225398a348fc4f5e3bCAS |
[57] A. Faivre-Bauman, C. Loudes, A. Barret, C. Patte, A. Tixier-Vidal, Dev. Brain Res. 1988, 40, 261.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXktFOgtr8%3D&md5=30227976d6ac87d24f8931d8974f844bCAS |
[58] R. E. Mains, L. P. Park, B. A. Eipper, J. Biol. Chem. 1986, 261, 11938.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaL28Xls1GnsLY%3D&md5=3d326720f4da221a3dc572bed699ceebCAS |
[59] G. S. Wand, R. L. Ney, S. Baylin, B. Eipper, R. E. Mains, Metabolism 1985, 34, 1044.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXlsFOqtrw%3D&md5=e54448401ee7ddab3aa1b0690e6ccf35CAS |
[60] M. C. Beinfeld, M. D. Perloff, K. Venkatakrishnan, Peptides 1998, 19, 1393.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXntVSjtL8%3D&md5=cdb9268a8a6815e827b5baa1c8243d74CAS |
[61] N. Iwai, A. Martínez, M.-J. Miller, M. Vos, J. L. Mulshine, A. M. Treston, Lung Cancer 1999, 23, 209.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaK1MzjvFGnsA%3D%3D&md5=62a605b4bd5742e1b3fa006d47e1b34aCAS |
[62] L. Hilsted, Regul. Pept. 1990, 29, 179.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXlt1Krtrs%3D&md5=ef33106d7da635c609eaa46b8990c20fCAS |
[63] C. J. Dickinson, L. Marino, T. Yamada, Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 1990, 258, G810.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXktFyitro%3D&md5=691624718fabc04508b0f88510e64381CAS |
[64] J. M. M. Rondeel, W. Klootwijk, E. Linkels, G. A. C. van Haasteren, W. J. de Greef, T. J. Visser, J. Endocrinol. 1995, 145, 43.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltVWrtLk%3D&md5=2539341758a5b1514dd56b5bd3afde71CAS |
[65] J. E. Marchand, K. Hershman, M. S. Kumar, M. L. Thompson, R. M. Kream, J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265, 264.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXjtFSjtg%3D%3D&md5=4bc759df58a1350e80bfdb33377d22daCAS |
[66] G. P. Mueller, M. Altarac, Neuropeptides 1995, 28, 333.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmsFequr8%3D&md5=930885056402e8bb70fa78ccc9a5717fCAS |
[67] G. P. Mueller, E. J. Husten, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, Mol. Pharmacol. 1993, 44, 972.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmvFGmsg%3D%3D&md5=b07606663f83b0f89ef520f1926b28a3CAS |
[68] M. J. Niciu, X.-M. Ma, R. El Meskini, J. S. Pachter, R. E. Mains, B. A. Eipper, Neurobiol. Dis. 2007, 27, 278.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVSjsrzP&md5=ea7a07762a402c4e02cfdd0e1d9f6bf0CAS |
[69] D. E. Hansel, V. May, B. A. Eipper, G. V. Ronnett, J. Neurosci. 2001, 21, 4625.
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXks1aksLs%3D&md5=4df3e6af00176b66dcb797588f98b34aCAS |
[70] D. J. Merkler, R. Kulathila, W. A. Francisco, D. E. Ash, J. Bell, FEBS Lett. 1995, 366, 165.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXms1yktrs%3D&md5=bdf34fb30ff3e8e105bb918a20e439e1CAS |
[71] P. P. Tamburini, S. D. Young, B. N. Jones, R. A. Palmesino, A. P. Consalvo, Int. J. Pept. Protein Res. 1990, 35, 153.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXitlWku7s%3D&md5=082fe9c6f03fd758ce22bbbc2320d70aCAS |
[72] D. Ping, C. E. Mounier, S. W. May, J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 29250.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpvVOgsr8%3D&md5=ee7b1fdcaffecc062362803f3978003dCAS |
[73] P. P. Tamburini, B. N. Jones, A. P. Consalvo, S. D. Young, S. J. Lovato, J. P. Gilligan, L. P. Wennogle, M. Erion, A. Y. Jeng, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1988, 267, 623.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXlt12mt7s%3D&md5=b226e5fa509cab35426e713ef7b1799bCAS |
[74] K. M. Morris, F. Cao, H. Onagi, T. M. Altamore, A. B. Gamble, C. J. Easton, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2012, 22, 7015.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsFGjsbbF&md5=24a46ea1f6d0009ffe8bc391e8342001CAS |
[75] A. F. Bradbury, D. G. Smyth, Eur. J. Biochem. 1987, 169, 579.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXptVyhsw%3D%3D&md5=125644d2dd0ea30e61c99f744603e3e1CAS |
[76] A. G. Katopodis, S. W. May, Biochemistry 1990, 29, 4541.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXitFaqs7c%3D&md5=3b187b1b11a2d5b90324629e55f9986fCAS |
[77] C. H. Rhodes, C. Honsinger, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1993, 689, 663.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXivFalt7k%3D&md5=28305e689c169e80b33bdf0cc6566b69CAS |
[78] E. Langella, S. Pierre, W. Ghattas, M. Giorgi, M. Réglier, M. Saviano, L. Esposito, R. Hardré, ChemMedChem 2010, 5, 1568.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFWgsbjN&md5=772079744824fcd4b399745013233453CAS |
[79] W. J. Driscoll, S. König, H. M. Fales, L. K. Pannell, B. A. Eipper, G. P. Mueller, Biochemistry 2000, 39, 8007.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjvVahtLc%3D&md5=d5e0bdcc176bb184dcb7dbb2c56285fbCAS |
[80] G. P. Mueller, W. J. Driscoll, B. A. Eipper, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1999, 290, 1331.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlsVOqt7k%3D&md5=c7bbf77cbe92fd83b478bb6a4dbbf275CAS |
[81] J. A. Trendel, N. Ellis, J. G. Sarver, W. A. Klis, M. Dhananjeyan, C. A. Bykowski, M. D. Reese, P. W. Erhardt, J. Biomol. Screen. 2008, 13, 804.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1aqt7%2FK&md5=9aceab8ba67a885339ecb58f77e67973CAS |
[82] F. N. Bolkenius, A. J. Ganzhorn, M.-C. Chanal, C. Danzin, Biochem. Pharmacol. 1997, 53, 1695.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXlt1SnsrY%3D&md5=ade5fa6df6697db13ae5f15cb30cac87CAS |
[83] J. A. Sunman, M. S. Foster, S. L. Folse, S. W. May, D. F. Matesic, Mol. Carcinog. 2004, 41, 231.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVCjsLnL&md5=523ec2ae2fb1e8922c5c03a57e78fa7dCAS |
[84] A. F. Bradbury, J. Mistry, B. A. Roos, D. G. Smyth, Eur. J. Biochem. 1990, 189, 363.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXitlWktr8%3D&md5=105ef2d8aeecf5b41809518c89177bdcCAS |
[85] A. A. Ogonowski, S. W. May, A. B. Moore, L. T. Barrett, C. L. O’Bryant, S. H. Pollock, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1997, 280, 846.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXivVWrtro%3D&md5=217052ee79f1498118d55da07b36e7b5CAS |
[86] J. D. Bauer, J. A. Sunman, M. S. Foster, J. R. Thompson, A. A. Ogonowski, S. J. Cutler, S. W. May, S. H. Pollock, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2007, 320, 1171.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXis1WgtbY%3D&md5=25b3726e0534e1e121afb965f54a4fb2CAS |
[87] J. Y. Lee, J. Y. Lee, S. S. Moon, B. K. Hwang, J. Agric. Food Chem. 2005, 53, 7696.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpslCitLs%3D&md5=312199bad017e51ee9e302c7752739f4CAS |
[88] K. A. E. O’Callaghan, Phenylbutenoic Acids as Inhibitors of Peptide Amidation 1997, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Alberta, Canada.
[89] M. D. Andrews, K. A. O’Callaghan, J. C. Vederas, Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 8295.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXkt12lurc%3D&md5=622aa1f97aa5800e7b734231bf077dfdCAS |
[90] B. J. W. Barratt, C. J. Easton, D. J. Henry, I. H. W. Li, L. Radom, J. S. Simpson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 13306.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnsleisro%3D&md5=d89091725909795b562b4af8b2a934a3CAS |
[91] C. J. Easton, Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 53.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXktFOhsw%3D%3D&md5=e2ae5c1da73c41752cd1fa39d8b9f1fcCAS |
[92] A. K. Croft, C. J. Easton, L. Radom, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 4119.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhvF2lsbg%3D&md5=97c9b314bdc9badbfd0890464ecc6252CAS |
[93] S. Wee, A. Mortimer, D. Moran, A. Wright, C. K. Barlow, R. A. J. O’Hair, L. Radom, C. J. Easton, Chem. Commun. 2006, 4233.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVCru7nM&md5=cda6a0dd911f7bab18e20de2501758e6CAS |
[94] T. M. Zabriskie, H. Cheng, J. C. Vederas, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2270.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xht1eku78%3D&md5=aced5e6370445e3da1255799cfe27ac7CAS |
[95] P. Casara, A. Ganzhorn, C. Philippo, M.-C. Chanal, C. Danzin, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1996, 6, 393.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhsVeltrY%3D&md5=9b439ea3eda497e2be2b29bb253a4c7aCAS |
[96] M. S. Foster, C. D. Oldham, S. W. May, Tetrahedron Asymm. 2011, 22, 283.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkt1Gnt7c%3D&md5=6746cefdd7a0685c8f868307b1148a29CAS |
[97] J. Feng, J. Shi, S. R. Sirimanne, C. E. Mounier-Lee, S. W. May, Biochem. J. 2000, 350, 521.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlt1SgsLw%3D&md5=fd7cd0da5fb30d87310d36740f18b3c3CAS |
[98] S. A. Mueller, W. J. Driscoll, G. P. Mueller, Pharmacology 1999, 58, 270.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXisVGis7g%3D&md5=2b4b1ced6d7a5ce50384e597f07866b2CAS |
[99] N. R. McIntyre, E. W. Lowe, G. H. Chew, T. C. Owen, D. J. Merkler, FEBS Lett. 2006, 580, 521.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmslWltA%3D%3D&md5=bfd125a0d200206d29e7955962f96470CAS |
[100] G. H. Chew, Substrate-Based Inhibitors of Peptidylglycine α-Amidating Monooxygenase (PAM) as Antiproliferative Drugs for Cancer 2003, M.Sc. Thesis, University of South Florida, USA.
[101] D. J. Merkler, A. S. Asser, L. E. Baumgart, N. Carballo, S. E. Carpenter, G. H. Chew, C. C. Cosner, J. Dusi, L. C. Galloway, A. B. Lowe, E. W. Lowe, L. King, R. D. Kendig, P. C. Kline, R. Malka, K. A. Merkler, N. R. McIntyre, M. Romero, B. J. Wilcox, T. C. Owen, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2008, 16, 10061.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVSgt7bN&md5=b81889b3a25be3dc914640843840cd48CAS |
[102] F. Cao, A. B. Gamble, H.-K. Kim, H. Onagi, M. J. Gresser, J. Kerr, C. J. Easton, Med. Chem. Commun. 2011, 2, 760.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXps1OntLo%3D&md5=5f52ed3f2d215770ce5ae9131a39d6d4CAS |
[103] C. E. Mounier, J. Shi, S. R. Sirimanne, B.-H. Chen, A. B. Moore, M. M. Gill-Woznichak, D. Ping, S. W. May, J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 5106.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[104] L. D. Fricker, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1988, 50, 309.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXktF2it7s%3D&md5=4a75295ab2c62e7119e2aa921b217e59CAS |
[105] L. D. Fricker, S. H. Snyder, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1982, 79, 3886.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL38Xks1ygs7c%3D&md5=136054fd25018c9602a2898c1863b61eCAS |
[106] S. R. Nalamachu, L. Song, L. D. Fricker, J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 11192.
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXktVelsL4%3D&md5=263988f36b704eee7b26140e1e1b8aa0CAS |
[107] L. Song, L. D. Fricker, J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 7963.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltVShtLs%3D&md5=73323e62cddd6bda52caec40771f14ceCAS |
[108] L. D. Fricker, T. H. Plummer, S. H. Snyder, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1983, 111, 994.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXhvFeqtL8%3D&md5=881eab47a0439a73f40f62116a48fa2bCAS |
[109] M. Bommer, K. Nikolarakis, E. P. Noble, A. Herz, Brain Res. 1989, 492, 305.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXltV2gsro%3D&md5=2f197621fba931556b5c5c72aa389c8fCAS |
[110] J. K. Naggert, L. D. Fricker, O. Varlamov, P. M. Nishina, Y. Rouille, D. F. Steiner, R. J. Carroll, B. J. Paigen, E. H. Leiter, Nat. Genet. 1995, 10, 135.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmtFCqtro%3D&md5=24c94f3e1bda1d8935a4c67a72131768CAS |
[111] N. X. Cawley, J. Zhou, J. M. Hill, D. Abebe, S. Romboz, T. Yanik, R. M. Rodriguiz, W. C. Wetsel, Y. P. Loh, Endocrinology 2004, 145, 5807.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVaqu7jJ&md5=da081e54be7d7d2d45296113858eaed6CAS |
[112] E. A. Nillni, W. Xie, L. Mulcahy, V. C. Sanchez, W. C. Wetsel, J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277, 48587.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XptlegtL8%3D&md5=3f8d9eeb11debb4619f89f88d5c8f422CAS |
[113] P. Gomez, L. Hallberg, G. H. Greeley, Gastroenterology 1998, 114, A1146.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[114] L. Friis-Hansen, J. F. Rehfeld, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2000, 267, 638.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXisFCjtQ%3D%3D&md5=c71fe41e0f6f93c9215ef795c8238257CAS |
[115] M. D. Perloff, R. M. Kream, M. C. Beinfeld, Peptides 1998, 19, 1115.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXltFGqu7k%3D&md5=a054e2620eee877dc071021ff2ec2b5dCAS |
[116] N. X. Cawley, T. Yanik, A. Woronowicz, W. Chang, J. C. Marini, Y. P. Loh, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010, 299, E189.
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVOhtL7F&md5=af59ea657a1044c71133f0aa99a89aecCAS |
[117] W. Wang, B. M. Cain, M. C. Beinfeld, Endocrine 1998, 9, 329.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhsFWhtLk%3D&md5=83b399db65a487814b81ed25b3c7362bCAS |
[118] M. Boudarine, O. Yegorov, A. Sterling-Dubrovsky, L. A. Devi, Y. Berman, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2002, 303, 1317.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xptlamu7c%3D&md5=6a9c5ee83d5c550673993b81f5310daeCAS |
[119] L. D. Fricker, Y. L. Berman, E. H. Leiter, L. A. Devi, J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 30619.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xntlalsrw%3D&md5=a95b8e6d48739ca27e85db32fc06e577CAS |
[120] L. Song, L. D. Fricker, J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 25007.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXovFWmsb0%3D&md5=cd4856e0bac9bfd2e9c693c309b11b7dCAS |
[121] W. Dong, L. D. Fricker, R. Day, Neuroscience 1999, 89, 1301.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhslWqurg%3D&md5=a7803cbc51f2a015d53e64e038ffff53CAS |
