Ascochyta blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): a review of biology, pathogenicity, and disease management*
S. Pande A E , K. H. M. Siddique B , G. K. Kishore A , B. Bayaa C , P. M. Gaur A , C. L. L. Gowda A , T. W. Bretag D and J. H. Crouch AA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India.
B Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling HWY, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria.
D Department of Primary Industries, Private Bag 260, Horsham, Vic. 3401, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: s.pande@cgiar.org
*This paper is one of a series of invited reviews commissioned by the journal’s Editorial Advisory Committee.
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56(4) 317-332 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR04143
Submitted: 21 June 2004 Accepted: 4 February 2005 Published: 26 April 2005
Abstract
Ascochyta blight (AB), caused by Ascochyta rabiei is a major disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), especially in areas where cool, cloudy, and humid weather persists during the crop season. Several epidemics of AB causing complete yield loss have been reported. The fungus mainly survives between seasons through infected seed and in infected crop debris. Despite extensive pathological and molecular studies, the nature and extent of pathogenic variability in A. rabiei have not been clearly established. Accumulation of phenols, phytoalexins (medicarpin and maackiain), and hydrolytic enzymes has been associated with host-plant resistance (HPR). Seed treatment and foliar application of fungicides are commonly recommended for AB management, but further information on biology and survival of A. rabiei is needed to devise more effective management strategies. Recent studies on inheritance of AB resistance indicate that several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) control resistance. In this paper we review the biology of A. rabiei, HPR, and management options, with an emphasis on future research priorities.
Additional keywords: ascomycete, biotic stress, Didymella rabiei, epidemiology.
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