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International Journal of Wildland Fire

International Journal of Wildland Fire

International Journal of Wildland Fire publishes articles on basic and applied aspects of wildland fire science including, but not confined to, ecological impact, modelling fire and its effects, and management of fire. Read more about the journalMore

Editors-in-Chief: Stefan Doerr and Martin Girardin

Publishing Model: Open Access

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Latest

These articles are the latest published in the journal. International Journal of Wildland Fire is published under a continuous publication model. More information is available on our Continuous Publication page.

Published online 17 October 2025

WF25153Comprehensive methodology for tracking burning firebrands in a vertical wind tunnel using multi-view video analysis

Misarah Abdelaziz 0000-0003-2417-1755 and Andrew. L. Sullivan 0000-0002-8038-8724
 

Schematic of firebrand particle tracks within a wind tunnel captured by front, left and top-view video cameras

This study introduces a new method to track burning bark fragments in a wind tunnel using synchronised cameras. The system measures how bark moves, burns and falls, helping scientists better understand firebrand aerodynamics and combustion to improve prediction of ‘spotting’ – the transport of burning debris ahead of a wildfire.

WF25153 Abstract  |  WF25153 Full Text  | WF25153PDF (3.8 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 17 October 2025

WF25099The correlation between wind and convective heat transfer in a propagating fire

M. S. Sadeghi, Maryam Ghodrat 0000-0003-4009-5262, Duncan Sutherland, Albert Simeoni and Harald Kleine
 

This study investigates the influence of wind speed on convective heat transfer in a specific type of Australian grass. Three distinct methods: direct measurements, retroreflective shadowgraph, and Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) simulations are employed to estimate the convective heat transfer rates.

WF25099 Abstract  |  WF25099 Full Text  | WF25099PDF (8.9 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 13 October 2025

WF24134Experimental study on the evolution of canyon fire spread behavior under different terrains and the critical conditions for eruptive fire

Jiale Fan, Boxuan Chen 0000-0003-2673-7206, Yan Guo, Chenze Bu, Jiangxue Gao, Xu Dou, Haiqing Hu, Long Sun and Tongxin Hu
 

A systematic experimental study on canyon fire was carried out. Four different types of fire line contour were identified under different topographic conditions. The critical conditions (α = 27.5°, δ = 20°) for eruptive fire occurrence in canyons were identified. A significant increase in convective heating is the basic mechanism of eruptive fire.

WF24134 Abstract  |  WF24134 Full Text  | WF24134PDF (7.6 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 18 September 2025

WF24226Risk perceptions after wildfires: insights from Bijie, China and comparisons with other countries

Meng Duo, Jun Hu, Xiaoyong Ni and Xuecai Xie
 

This study examines public risk perceptions following wildfires, with a focus on Bijie, China, and compares these perceptions with those from other countries. The research utilizes the ‘information-trust-confidence’ framework and surveys 408 residents in Bijie. International comparisons highlight diverse methodologies and distinct differences in risk perceptions across countries and regions.

WF24226 Abstract  |  WF24226 Full Text  | WF24226PDF (3.8 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 09 September 2025

WF25089Wildfire risk assessment in Sichuan Province, China: hazard modeling approach considering different combinations of classification criteria and connection values of factor attributes

Weiting Yue 0000-0001-6936-808X, Yunji Gao 0000-0002-3405-298X, Yu Ma 0000-0002-9936-4466, Ziqun Ye 0009-0002-3008-2206 and Yuchun Zhang 0009-0007-5355-6546
 

This study investigated the impact of connection methods and classification criteria of factor attributes on wildfire hazard assessment. An integrated risk framework was constructed to reveal southwestern Sichuan’s mountainous regions as critical high-risk zones influenced by hazard-vulnerability-adaptive capacity interactions, offering targeted prevention strategies.

This article belongs to the collection: Multi-scale Measurements in Support of Improved Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Models of Landscape-Level Wildland Fires.

WF25089 Abstract  |  WF25089 Full Text  | WF25089PDF (6 MB)  | WF25089Supplementary Material (1.4 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 05 September 2025

WF25058Wildfire containment probability is not affected by eastern spruce budworm defoliation in Ontario, Canada

Kennedy Korkola, Jennifer L. Beverly 0000-0001-8033-9247 and Patrick M. A. James
 

We compared models of initial attack (IA) success with and without the inclusion of spruce budworm (SBW) defoliation data. We found the fire size at IA was the most important determinant of fire containment. Despite SBW’s effects on fuels, its inclusion did not greatly improve model performance.

WF25058 Abstract  |  WF25058 Full Text  | WF25058PDF (2.7 MB)  | WF25058Supplementary Material (427 KB)   Open Access Article

Published online 05 September 2025

WF24204For peat’s sake! Peat type influences critical moisture thresholds that prevent combustion of organic soils in Western Australia

Valerie S. Densmore 0000-0003-0121-8709 and Taiya K. Barnesby
 

We examined whether the location or type of peat affected the minimum moisture needed to prevent ignition or sustained burning. Landform and physical and chemical factors were also assessed for their importance. We found peat type and moisture content were sufficient to predict whether the peat would ignite or burn.

This article belongs to the collection: Fire Behaviour and Fuels Conference.

WF24204 Abstract  |  WF24204 Full Text  | WF24204PDF (2.2 MB)  | WF24204Supplementary Material (680 KB)   Open Access Article

Published online 04 September 2025

WF25051Learning from Wildfire Decision Support: large language model analysis of barriers to fire spread in a census of large wildfires in the United States (2011–2023)

Margaret D. Epstein and Carl A. Seielstad
 

This study uses a large language model to analyze formal risk assessments from a census of 6630 complex wildfires in the United States. It identifies the barriers to fire spread that decision-makers write about in each assessment.

WF25051 Abstract  |  WF25051 Full Text  | WF25051PDF (1.8 MB)  | WF25051Supplementary Material (269 KB)   Open Access Article

Published online 04 September 2025

WF24213Where the landscape meets the garden gate: fire risk perception and garden adaptation in Tasmania’s wildland–urban interface

Anna Marie Gjedrem 0000-0002-9276-0431, Stefania Ondei 0000-0002-2515-3316, Owen F. Price 0000-0001-5327-568X, Grant J. Williamson 0000-0002-3469-7550 and David M. J. S. Bowman 0000-0001-8075-124X
 

Cartoon depicting a person considering how to address the fire hazards for both landscape and garden.

How can homeowners make their gardens safer from wildfire? This study reveals that while residents recognise wildfire risks, they often overlook crucial hazards near their homes. Property-specific assessments help motivate change, but success requires balancing safety measures with homeowners' emotional connections to their gardens.

WF24213 Abstract  |  WF24213 Full Text  | WF24213PDF (2 MB)  | WF24213Supplementary Material (501 KB)   Open Access Article

Published online 04 September 2025

WF24212Fatigue in wildland firefighting: relationships between sleep, shift characteristics, and cognitive function

J. Wallace-Webb, C. Coehoorn, S. Purewal, G. Thomas, K. Muirhead, J. Angus and L. Stuart-Hill
 

This study examined how sleep and shift characteristics relate to brain function in wildland firefighters. Our findings showed that firefighters often experience poor sleep and long shifts, which are both associated with declines in brain function. These results highlight the importance of evidence-based fatigue management strategies to support firefighter safety and wellbeing.

WF24212 Abstract  |  WF24212 Full Text  | WF24212PDF (1.5 MB)  | WF24212Supplementary Material (2.1 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 29 August 2025

WF24203Impact of wildfire smoke, heat stress and sleep deprivation on the brain health of wildland firefighters

Anthony R. White
 

Wildland firefighters face brain health risks from wildfire smoke, heat, physical strain and disrupted sleep. These hazards increase neuroinflammation, cognitive decline and mental health challenges like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Protective measures, including better gear, hydration, recovery time and mental health support, are essential. Research is needed to understand and mitigate long-term effects.

WF24203 Abstract  |  WF24203 Full Text  | WF24203PDF (900 KB)  | WF24203Supplementary Material (122 KB)   Open Access Article

Published online 27 August 2025

WF24190Does the temporal variation of leaf terpene and moisture content trigger leaf flammability over time?

Anne Ganteaume, Bastien Romero, Elena Ormeño, Caroline Lecareux and Catherine Fernandez
 

Relationships between terpenes, FMC and flammability varied over time, patterns differing according to species, and the effect of FMC being overridden by terpenes. Species flammability could be enhanced by higher terpene concentrations outside summer, the fire season in Mediterranean regions. This should be accounted for in WUI fire prevention.

WF24190 Abstract  |  WF24190 Full Text  | WF24190PDF (1.9 MB)  | WF24190Supplementary Material (879 KB)   Open Access Article

Published online 25 August 2025

WF25023Fuel-aware forest fire danger rating system RISICO: a comparative study for Italy

Nicolò Perello 0000-0003-4097-9180, Andrea Trucchia 0000-0001-7294-9061, Mirko D’Andrea, Giorgio Meschi, Farzad Ghasemiazma, Silvia Degli Esposti, Paolo Fiorucci, Luca Ferraris, Andrea Gollini and Dario Negro
 

Wildfire risk is increasing owing to human actions, requiring improved fire danger models. The RISICO model, used in Italy for decades, integrates fuel characteristics and hourly outputs. Testing over 16 years shows RISICO outperforms traditional indices, enhancing spatial and temporal fire danger prediction for better wildfire management.

This article belongs to the collection: Fire Behaviour and Fuels Conference.

WF25023 Abstract  |  WF25023 Full Text  | WF25023PDF (5 MB)  | WF25023Supplementary Material (4.8 MB)   Open Access Article

Published online 22 August 2025

WF24148Developing an impact index for the Australian Fire Danger Rating System: predicting potential structure loss from wildfires

Dan Krix 0000-0002-0733-1254, James Monks, Stuart Matthews, Meaghan Jenkins, Alex Holmes, Sam Sauvage and John W. Runcie
 

In this paper predictive spatial models for structure loss to wildfire in Australia were presented. Structure counts, cleared land percentage, surrounding structures, terrain ruggedness and tree canopy height were used as predictors. Model outputs can be used to generate spatial predictions complementing existing fire behaviour predictions.

WF24148 Abstract  |  WF24148 Full Text  | WF24148PDF (2.8 MB)  | WF24148Supplementary Material (8.2 MB)   Open Access Article

Just Accepted

These articles have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication. They are still in production and have not been edited, so may differ from the final published form.

WF24144, Accepted 13 October 2025

Methods to assess fire-induced tree mortality: Comparing heated water baths to experimental laboratory fires

Raquel Partelli-Feltrin 0000-0002-5076-8515, Alistair Smith 0000-0003-0071-9958, Aaron Sparks, Zachary Foley 0009-0006-9411-8641, Scott Rainsford, Grant Harley, James Moberly, Henry Adams, Dylan Schwilk, Wade Tinkham 0000-0002-4668-7624, Douglas Hardman, JR Kok, R Alex Thompson, Andrew Hudak, David Wilson, Chad Hoffman, James Lutz, Alexander Blanco, Mark Cochrane, Robert Kremens, Joseph Dahlen, Luigi Boschetti, Li Huang and Daniel Johnson
 
WF24144Abstract

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  7. The impacts of fire use in the Brazilian Amazon: a bibliometric analysis

    International Journal of Wildland Fire 34 (4)
    Amanda Kesley Cardozo Cancio, Mayerly Alexandra Guerrero-Moreno 0000-0002-6767-2966, Everton Cruz da Silva, Fernando Abreu Oliveira, Karina Dias-Silva, James Ferreira Moura Jr, Thiago Almeida Vieira, Lenize Batista Calvão, Leandro Juen, José Max Barbosa Oliveira-Junior

Collections

Collections are a curation of articles relevant to a topical research area

Fire and Climate

This Special Collection on “Fire and Climate” showcases papers from and inspired by the eponymous conferences hosted by the International Association of Wildland Fire. The collection explores the way that climate change is affecting wildfire around the world – and the ways that changes in societal, legal, and political climate changes interact with these geophysical processes.

Guest Editor
Eric B. Kenedy (York University, Canada)

Last Updated: 05 Aug 2025

Multi-scale measurements in support of improved fire, fuel, and smoke models of landscape-level wildland fires

Landscape scale prescribed fires offer a valuable opportunity for advancing fire science through comprehensive interdisciplinary research experiments with the ability to investigate ecosystems prior to, during and after fires. This collection deals with the co-production of management-relevant science between fire managers and researchers with a focus on state-of-the art measurements of 3D fuels, fire behavior and smoke dynamics to inform and improve the development of next-generation fuels, fire and smoke models.

Collection Editors
Joseph J. O’Brien (USDA)
Andrew Hudak (USDA)
Alistair Smith (University of Idaho)

Last Updated: 18 Jul 2025

Fire Behaviour and Fuels Conference

This is a Collection of papers from Fire Behaviour and Fuels Conference.

Guest Editors
Stephen Sutton
Juncal Espinosa
Mike Wilson
Yucheng He
Tao Huang
Hussam Mahmoud
Eric Mueller
Akshat Chulahwat

Last Updated: 10 Jul 2025

Establishing Directions in Postfire Debris-Flow Science

Post-wildfire debris flow science encompasses a wide variety of fields, including hydrology, geomorphology, engineering, remote sensing, atmospheric science, ecology, and data science. This Collection is intended to bring together a diverse set of publications that advance postfire debris flow science, focusing on future directions.

Guest Editors
Francis Rengers (US Geological Survey)
Luke McGuire (University of Arizona)
Nina Oakley (California Geological Survey)
Ann Youberg (University of Arizona)

Last Updated: 10 Jul 2025

Savanna Burning

As demonstrated in Australian savannas, reducing carbon emissions through active fire management can generate tradable carbon credits providing income and employment opportunities for Indigenous and remote communities, and support biodiversity conservation. The success of this management approach has led to suggestions that it can be extended to other continents, for notable example in southern Africa and South America. This special issue of the International Journal of Wildland Fire aims to explore the status of technical challenges, opportunities and potential livelihood and ecological benefits, associated with applying market-based fire management approaches in severely fire-impacted tropical savanna systems.

Last Updated: 28 Feb 2025

Australian Fire Danger Rating System

This Collection in International Journal of Wildland Fire presents a series of papers that describe the development of the Australian Fire Danger Rating System (AFDRS). This new system was conceived following a review of existing Australian fire danger rating systems and associated danger categories in 2014. It was implemented in 2022 and has since been modified to improve performance, accuracy, and public-facing requirements.

Guest Editor
Paulo Fernandez (Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal)

Last Updated: 04 Jul 2024

Celebrating 30 Years of Wildland Fire Science Publication

In celebration of the 30th anniversary of International Journal of Wildland Fire (IJWF), the official journal of the International Association of Wildland Fire (IAWF), we have put together this Collection that includes a selection of review papers published in IJWF over the past 12 years, a compilation that highlights the wide range of disciplines in wildland fire research. In line with our commitment to diversity, authors and co-authors come from at least seven countries, and the corresponding authors on six of the 15 papers are female. We invite you to explore the full breadth of topics included in this Collection.

Collection Editors
Susan G. Conard, Stefan Doerr, and Jenny Foster

Last Updated: 27 May 2021

25 Years of International Journal of Wildland Fire

To celebrate 25 years of publication of International Journal of Wildland Fire, we present this Collection that includes some of the most-cited Research Papers we have published over the years. This Collection includes two papers from each five-year period, starting in 1991. One of these is the paper from each period that has received the most citations to date. To highlight the geographic scope of IJWF publications, the second paper is the most-cited paper where the lead author is from a different country than the highest-cited one.

Last Updated: 05 Dec 2016

Atmospheric Research

This Collection of International Journal of Wildland Fire covers the theme of Atmospheric Research, and was launched to coincide with the 2016 International Smoke Symposium (Long Beach, California) and the AGU Fall Meeting (San Francisco, California). This collection showcases a diverse array of topics from a variety of geographical areas, including methods for tracking, modelling and inventory, social implications, climate implications, current and future research needs, and practical field management techniques for smoke.

Last Updated: 27 Oct 2016

Committee on Publication Ethics

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IJWF Content Free to IAWF Members

All non-OA journal content published prior to 2024 can be accessed by IAWF members through the IAWF Members-Only site.

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