Effect of soil, machine, and working state parameters on the required draft force of a subsoiler using a theoretical draft-calculating model
Iman AhmadiDepartment of Agronomy, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 39998-81551, Iran. Email: i_ahmadi_m@yahoo.com
Soil Research 55(4) 389-400 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR16193
Submitted: 22 July 2016 Accepted: 14 November 2016 Published: 16 December 2016
Abstract
One of the most important soil degradation agents in agriculture is compaction. To rehabilitate compacted fields, farmers usually use subsoilers to break compacted layers. Moreover, the required draft force of a subsoiler dictates the amount of energy needed to operate it. Therefore, measurement, calculation or prediction of the draft force of this machine is vital for designing an efficient subsoiler. In the present study, an analytical model was developed to calculate the subsoiler draft force. To verify the model developed herein, model outputs regarding the draft force of a subsoiler were compared with corresponding results from the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) standard, as well as the results of literature studies. Moreover, the output of the model was compared with the measured draft force of subsoiling a silty clay loam soil. Furthermore, the results obtained regarding the quantitative effect of model inputs on the draft force of a subsoiler were checked from the viewpoint of compatibility with the expected trends or observed results in other studies. The data obtained from the developed model were compatible with those of the ASAE standard. Moreover, the draft force of a single-shank subsoiler was almost 10 kN, which is approximately 14% higher than the result obtained by the model (8.73 kN). Therefore, the model developed herein can be used to calculate the subsoiler draft force with reasonable accuracy. Of the machine parameters, subsoiler wingspan had an adverse effect on the specific draft of this machine. Moreover, for the range of working depths between 30 and 50 cm, the minimum values of specific draft took place.
Additional keywords: classical mechanics models, soil cutting.
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