Mobility in soil and availability to triticale plants of copper fertilisers
Demetrio Gonzalez A B , Patricia Almendros A and Jose M. Alvarez A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Chemistry and Agricultural Analysis, College of Agriculture, Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), Ciudad Universitaria s.n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
B Corresponding author. Email: demetrio.gonzalez@upm.es
Soil Research 53(4) 412-422 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR14165
Submitted: 30 June 2014 Accepted: 21 January 2015 Published: 30 June 2015
Abstract
The mobility and availability to plants of copper (Cu) applied through inorganic and organic fertilisers can be important for crop production and also in terms of its environmental impact. Column and greenhouse experiments were conducted on a Typic Xerorthent soil (pH 7.09, sandy clay loam texture with moderate permeability) to study the relative migration and extractability of Cu sources in a reconstructed soil profile and the response of a triticale crop (X Triticosecale Wittmack) to the Cu supplied. The soil Cu status and quantity of Cu in the leachates were established in the soil columns according to layer depth and experimental time. Most of the Cu applied though natural (Cu-lignosulfonate, Cu-gluconate, Cu-galacturonatemonogluconate, Cu-bis(ethoxydihydroxydiethylamino)sulfate) and inorganic (Cu-oxychloride) fertilisers remained in the top soil and Cu-HEDTA migrated to a soil depth of 20 cm. Only when Cu was applied as Cu-EDTA and Cu-DTPA-HEDTA-EDTA did a large percentage of Cu remain in the top soil, initially in the water soluble fraction. The Cu associated with this fraction migrated and became distributed throughout the soil column, producing significant Cu losses due to leaching. For a 2.120 pore volume of collected leachate and an experimental time of 200 days, the leaching rates were respectively 23% and 51% of the total amount of Cu applied. The high potential availability of Cu to plants from these two sources, and to a lesser extent for Cu-lignosulfonate (applied at 2 and 3 mg Cu kg–1 rate), were correlated with the higher concentrations and uptakes of Cu by triticale grain. The advantage of this last source is that it does not produce losses due to leaching.
Additional keywords: Cu extractability, lixiviation, metal mobility, speciation.
References
Alvarez JM, Rico MI, Obrador A (1996) Lixiviation and extraction of zinc in a calcareous soil treated with zinc-chelated fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44, 3383–3387.| Lixiviation and extraction of zinc in a calcareous soil treated with zinc-chelated fertilizers.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvVertLc%3D&md5=f8404ae81f5ae8f0b06fa1ee303c34bfCAS |
Alvarez JM, Novillo J, Obrador A, Lopez-Valdivia LM (2001) Mobility and leachability of zinc in two soils treated with six organic zinc complexes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49, 3833–3840.
| Mobility and leachability of zinc in two soils treated with six organic zinc complexes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXltlyhurs%3D&md5=838f9c67693f906e7486c66b0ade57f0CAS | 11513675PubMed |
Bacon JR, Davidson CM (2008) Is there a future for sequential chemical extraction? Critical review. Analyst 133, 25–46.
| Is there a future for sequential chemical extraction? Critical review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVehsrrJ&md5=f3fcb3e5db9aa841d0f83b1f9dd107adCAS | 18087610PubMed |
Bloomfield C, Kelso WI, Pruden G (1976) Reactions between heavy metals and humidified organic matter. Journal of Soil Science 27, 16–31.
| Reactions between heavy metals and humidified organic matter.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaE28XktF2qsLg%3D&md5=41af3e969b07a0418770172535e62380CAS |
Brennan RF, Robson AD, Gartrell JW (1983) Reactions of copper with soil affecting its availability to plants. II. Effect of soil pH, soil sterilization and organic matter on the availability of applied copper. Australian Journal of Soil Research 21, 155–163.
| Reactions of copper with soil affecting its availability to plants. II. Effect of soil pH, soil sterilization and organic matter on the availability of applied copper.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXlt1WhtLs%3D&md5=455c9e719521faefbac94087e2100faeCAS |
Degryse F, Smolders E, Parker DR (2006) Metal complexes increase uptake of Zn and Cu by plants: implications for uptake and deficiency studies in chelator-buffered solutions. Plant and Soil 289, 171–185.
| Metal complexes increase uptake of Zn and Cu by plants: implications for uptake and deficiency studies in chelator-buffered solutions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1WnsrrJ&md5=cf257b04107f69f8afd67b3a5944bc33CAS |
Duchaufour Ph (1987) Manual de edafología. Masson, Barcelona, Spain.
Flaten PL, Karamanos RE, Walley FL (2004) Mobility of copper from sulphate and chelate fertilizers in soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 84, 283–290.
| Mobility of copper from sulphate and chelate fertilizers in soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXovFWitL8%3D&md5=74956e941f796bfc969be5aae9e28964CAS |
Gilkes RJ, Sadleir SB (1978) The availability to wheat of copper from various sources including copper superphosphate. Australian Journal of Soil Research 16, 113–120.
| The availability to wheat of copper from various sources including copper superphosphate.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXksVWgu7c%3D&md5=dc4d44f59601e89756d84e8bdc19463bCAS |
Gonzalez D, Alvarez JM (2013) Effects of copper chelates on lettuce response, leaching, and soil status. Soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 77, 546–557.
| Effects of copper chelates on lettuce response, leaching, and soil status. Soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXms1ygt7c%3D&md5=e1356dbfd3273d7a1bb0622d8c2ceafeCAS |
Jeffery JJ, Uren NC (1983) Copper and zinc species in the soil solution and the effects of soil pH. Australian Journal of Soil Research 21, 479–488.
| Copper and zinc species in the soil solution and the effects of soil pH.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXovFWrtw%3D%3D&md5=05fca00275216c5db898643f464914d4CAS |
Kabata-Pendias A, Mukherjee AB (2007) ‘Trace elements from soils to humans.’ (Springer: Berlin)
Karamanos RE, Goh TB, Harapiak JT (2003) Determining wheat responses to copper in prairie soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, 213–221.
| Determining wheat responses to copper in prairie soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXls1Gnur8%3D&md5=6f47473ae96bf2e71ad1d5efd71922f2CAS |
Kopsell DE, Kopsell DA (2007) Copper. In ‘Handbook of plant nutrition’. (Eds AV Barker et al.) pp. 293–328. (CRS Press–Taylor & Francis Group: Boca Raton, FL)
Li Z, Shuman LM (1997) Mobility of Zn, Cd and Pb in soils as affected by poultry litter extract – II. Redistribution among soil fractions. Environmental Pollution 95, 227–234.
| Mobility of Zn, Cd and Pb in soils as affected by poultry litter extract – II. Redistribution among soil fractions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjtFenuro%3D&md5=d1a87fc638f86c4d612b87e0ffe885e8CAS | 15093463PubMed |
Liñán VC (2013) Vademécum de productos fitosanitarios y nutricionales. Agrotécnicas, Madrid, Spain.
Lindsay WL, Norvell WA (1978) Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal 42, 421–428.
| Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXltVKntLs%3D&md5=b4c4e1cb3ad2a6c9c65fe763239823f7CAS |
Loneragan JF, Robson AD, Graham RD (1981) ‘Copper in soils and plants.’ (Academic Press: Sydney)
Lu X, Zhang SZ, Shan XQ (2005) Time effect on the fractionation of heavy metals in soils. Geoderma 125, 225–234.
| Time effect on the fractionation of heavy metals in soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhs12hu7o%3D&md5=5c1a6c93ebdc7cd34f21e4f23201485fCAS |
Luo Y, Jiang X, Wu L, Song J, Wu S, Lu R, Christie P (2003) Accumulation and chemical fractionation of Cu in a paddy soil irrigated with Cu-rich wastewater. Geoderma 115, 113–120.
| Accumulation and chemical fractionation of Cu in a paddy soil irrigated with Cu-rich wastewater.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjvVCls7g%3D&md5=444e53c48c7389e4ea60581ae4a06fcbCAS |
Malhi SS, Cowell L, Kutcher HR (2005) Relative effectiveness of various sources, methods, times and rates of copper fertilizers in improving grain yield of wheat on a Cu-deficient soil. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85, 59–65.
| Relative effectiveness of various sources, methods, times and rates of copper fertilizers in improving grain yield of wheat on a Cu-deficient soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktFarsLw%3D&md5=90b3c1d9c183bfa606b3770a0920182dCAS |
Marschner H (1995) ‘Mineral nutrition of higher plants.’ (Academic Press: London)
Martell AE, Smith RM (1989) ‘Critical stability constants.’ Vol. 6. (Plenum Press: New York)
Martín-Ortiz D, Hernandez-Apaolaza L, Gárate A (2010) Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) response to a zinc fertilizer applied as zinc lignosulfonate adhered to a NPK fertilizer. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, 7886–7892.
| Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) response to a zinc fertilizer applied as zinc lignosulfonate adhered to a NPK fertilizer.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20527916PubMed |
McBride MB (1989) Reactions controlling heavy metal solubility in soils. Advances in Soil Science 10, 1–56.
| Reactions controlling heavy metal solubility in soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXitlSmtbY%3D&md5=7e5f7389311e896de40440ba9b374952CAS |
McLaren RG, Clucas LM, Taylor MD, Hendry T (2004) Leaching of macronutrients and metals from undisturbed soils treated with metal-spiked sewage sludge. 2. Leaching of metals. Australian Journal of Soil Research 42, 459–471.
| Leaching of macronutrients and metals from undisturbed soils treated with metal-spiked sewage sludge. 2. Leaching of metals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXltF2hu7Y%3D&md5=d84d38af78df65c313aea5f0194daa9eCAS |
Monturiol F, Alcalá L (1990) Mapa de asociaciones de suelos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Inst. Edafología y Biología Vegetal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
Moraghan JT (1996) Zinc concentration of navy bean seed as affected by rate and placement of three zinc sources. Journal of Plant Nutrition 19, 1413–1422.
| Zinc concentration of navy bean seed as affected by rate and placement of three zinc sources.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xmsleis7s%3D&md5=807cf20123eaecb5e5c2a050d9f1b4b7CAS |
Mortvedt JJ (1991) Micronutrient fertilizer technology. In ‘Micronutrients in agriculture’. (Eds JJ Mortvedt et al.) (SSSA: Madison, WI, USA)
Norvell WA (1991) Reactions of metal chelates in soils and nutrient solutions. In ‘Micronutrients in agriculture’. (Eds JJ Mortvedt et al.) (SSSA: Madison, WI, USA)
Nóvoa-Muñoz JC, Arias-Estévez M, Pérez-Novo C, López-Periago JE (2008) Diffusion-induced changes on exchangeable and organic bound copper fractions in acid soil samples enriched with copper. Geoderma 148, 85–90.
| Diffusion-induced changes on exchangeable and organic bound copper fractions in acid soil samples enriched with copper.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Obrador A, Gonzalez D, Alvarez JM (2013) Effect of inorganic and organic copper fertilizers on copper nutrition in Spinacia oleracea and on labile copper in soil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 61, 4692–4701.
| Effect of inorganic and organic copper fertilizers on copper nutrition in Spinacia oleracea and on labile copper in soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXmvVehsL0%3D&md5=e7cc72a183cd09fcce6d532e27430571CAS | 23638953PubMed |
Pietrzak U, McPhail DC (2004) Copper accumulation, distribution and fractionation in vineyard soils of Victoria, Australia. Geoderma 122, 151–166.
| Copper accumulation, distribution and fractionation in vineyard soils of Victoria, Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXntlaqt78%3D&md5=2b17fd23535fd90a357ddf4e82da67e6CAS |
Rao CRM, Sahuquillo A, Lopez Sanchez JF (2008) A review of the different methods applied in environmental geochemistry for single and sequential extraction of trace elements in soils and related materials. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 189, 291–333.
| A review of the different methods applied in environmental geochemistry for single and sequential extraction of trace elements in soils and related materials.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhvF2qsb4%3D&md5=bb230f9d126934bb984a2b221bf887d2CAS |
Reed ST, Martens DC (1996) Copper and zinc. In ‘Methods of soil analysis, part 3: Chemical methods’. (Ed. DL Spark) (SSSA and ASA: Madison, WI, USA)
Rowell DL (1994) ‘Soil science: methods and applications.’ (Longman: London)
Ruyters S, Salaets P, Oorts K, Smolders E (2013) Copper toxicity in soils under established vineyards in Europe: a survey. The Science of the Total Environment 443, 470–477.
| Copper toxicity in soils under established vineyards in Europe: a survey.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsFKkurw%3D&md5=acfc3323ac1b1d640cff2be41ee8b4d1CAS | 23220136PubMed |
Salam D, El-Fadel M (2008) Mobility and availability of copper in agricultural soils irrigated from water treated with copper sulfate algaecide. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 195, 3–13.
| Mobility and availability of copper in agricultural soils irrigated from water treated with copper sulfate algaecide.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFCrtL7F&md5=76e63078e4c7cee6c15cce8d63c30a5fCAS |
SCHER (2009) Voluntary risk assessment report on copper and its compounds, environmental part. Available at: http://echa.europa.eu/chem_data/transit_measures/vrar_en.asp.
Sinha MK, Dhillon SK, Dhillon KS, Dyanand S (1978) Solubility relationships of iron, manganese, copper and zinc in alkaline and calcareous soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research 16, 19–26.
| Solubility relationships of iron, manganese, copper and zinc in alkaline and calcareous soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXksVWhurk%3D&md5=b3656295a41f08cb748d0a5323372546CAS |
Smolders E, Oorts K, Van Spring P, Schoeters I, Janssen CR, McGrath SP, McLaughlin MJ (2009) Toxicity of trace metals in soil as affected by soil type and aging after contamination: Using calibrated bioavailability models to set ecological soil standards. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 28, 1633–1642.
| Toxicity of trace metals in soil as affected by soil type and aging after contamination: Using calibrated bioavailability models to set ecological soil standards.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXovFertr4%3D&md5=fb0e9d2d401f32f53326dae357b3e3c5CAS | 19301943PubMed |
Soil Survey Staff (2010) ‘Keys to Soil Taxonomy.’ 11th edn. (USDA, U.S. Govt. Printing Office: Washington, DC)
Sparks DL (1996) ‘Methods of soil analysis.’ (SSSA: Madison, WI, USA)
Sun YB, Zhou QX, An J, Liu WT, Liu R (2009) Chelator-enhanced phytoextraction of heavy metals from contaminated soil irrigated by industrial wastewater with the hyperaccumulator plant (Sedum alfredii Hance). Geoderma 150, 106–112.
| Chelator-enhanced phytoextraction of heavy metals from contaminated soil irrigated by industrial wastewater with the hyperaccumulator plant (Sedum alfredii Hance).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjt1Kis7w%3D&md5=a9e22d18e5f2ca5f880a3b5e677c0439CAS |
Temminghoff EJM, Van der Zee SEATM, De Haan FAM (1997) Copper mobility in a copper-contaminated sandy soil as affected by pH and solid and dissolved organic matter. Environmental Science & Technology 31, 1109–1115.
| Copper mobility in a copper-contaminated sandy soil as affected by pH and solid and dissolved organic matter.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhvFGgtr8%3D&md5=4f85763dbf205840566910bb3b081783CAS |
Van Paemel M, Dierick N, Janssens G, Fievez V, De Smet S (2010) Technical Report submitted to EFSA. Selected trace and ultratrace elements: Biological role, content in feed and requirements in animal nutrition – Elements for risk assessment. (Question No. EFSA-Q-2008-04990)
Wang G, Staunton S (2006) Evolution of water-extractable copper in soil with time as a function of organic matter amendments and aeration. European Journal of Soil Science 57, 372–380.
| Evolution of water-extractable copper in soil with time as a function of organic matter amendments and aeration.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xntlantr0%3D&md5=64bae997a902eb9be5cd14c16a63ac71CAS |
White PJ, Broadley MR, Gregory PJ (2012) Managing the nutrition of plants and people. Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2012, 104826
| Managing the nutrition of plants and people.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Xiaorong W, Mingde HM, Mingan S (2007) Copper fertilizer effects on copper distribution and vertical transport in soils. Geoderma 138, 213–220.
| Copper fertilizer effects on copper distribution and vertical transport in soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Yu S, He ZL, Huang CY, Chen GC, Calvert DV (2004) Copper fractionation and extractability in two contaminated variable charge soils. Geoderma 123, 163–175.
| Copper fractionation and extractability in two contaminated variable charge soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXoslSmsb0%3D&md5=7e76e27b85b5a10364ae0ddaf0b04fd7CAS |
