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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 62(1)

Soybean and corn yield as affected by crop rotation and surface liming under a no-tillage system

Sandra Mara Vieira Fontoura A , Albert Matheus Melinski B , Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9117-1881 B , Lenir Fátima Gotz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6145-4717 B D * , Eloá Moura Araujo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7096-6666 B , Stephen A. Prior C and Volnei Pauletti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9231-7851 B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Agrária Cooperative, Agrária Agricultural Research Foundation, Guarapuava, State of Paraná, Brazil.

B Department of Soils and Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil.

C United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Auburn, AL, USA.

D Present address: Department of Soil Science, University of Sao Paulo - ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

* Correspondence to: lenirgotz@usp.br, lenirgotz@gmail.com

Handling Editor: Stephen Cattle

Soil Research 62, SR22246 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR22246
Submitted: 11 November 2022  Accepted: 21 December 2023  Published: 19 January 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Context

In no-tillage systems, surficial lime application may induce an alkalinisation front that can correct soil acidity with depth and impact crop yields.

Aims

Our objective was to determine maintenance liming rates that provide the highest yield of soybean and corn in different crop rotations and to assess the speed and persistence of surficial lime application with soil depth in a no-tillage system.

Methods

The experiment was conducted in Southern Brazil on a clayey Oxisol under no-tillage with four lime treatments (0, 3.5, 5.7, and 11.1 Mg ha−1 of dolomitic lime) and three crop rotations (for grain or biomass production). Grain yield was evaluated, and soil chemical variables were annually determined on samples collected from four soil depths over 10 years.

Key results

Soybean and corn surpassed state production levels, and grain production in winter did not compromise summer grain yield. In 10 years, the alkalinisation front reached the 40–60 cm soil layer. Application of lime at 5.7 Mg ha−1 allows for maintenance of crop yield and stable acidity levels.

Conclusions

In this no-tillage system, the cultivation of different winter plant species did not interfere with corn and soybean yield, lime effects in deeper soil layers, or liming need. Lime applied to the soil surface was efficient in controlling acidity in upper and deeper soil layers (up to 60 cm) in soil with high buffering capacity.

Implications

Due to slow movement, soil samples should be collected every 4 to 5 years to monitor soil acidity.

Keywords: alkalinisation front, base mobility, grain production, liming rates, Oxisol, soil acidity, soil alkalinisation.

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