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Australian Journal of Primary Health Australian Journal of Primary Health Society
The issues influencing community health services and primary health care
Australian Journal of Primary Health

Australian Journal of Primary Health

Volume 29 Number 4 2023


Post-acute COVID-19 condition (PACC) – also known as long COVID – is a serious and growing problem in primary health. This letter describes the work of the Victorian Post-Acute COVID-19 Study (VPACS) group, which promotes data linkage, evidence-based practice, sharing clinical experience and innovative research. Bringing together a diverse group of people to work on a shared vision for PACC management maximises their impact on outcomes for patients and the broader Australian community.

PY22128The acceptability and utility of Indigenous youth health assessments: a narrative systematic review

Jed Fraser, Deborah Askew 0000-0003-3943-620X, Ray Mahoney and Geoffrey Spurling
pp. 296-305

Indigenous youth are navigating the transition from childhood to adulthood while contending with challenges of ongoing colonisation and everyday lived experiences of racism. A comprehensive assessment of Indigenous youths’ health could enable early diagnosis and respond to health concerns. This narrative systematic review synthesises evidence about the acceptability and utility of primary health care-based health assessments for improving the health and wellbeing of Indigenous youth.


People from LGBTIQA+ communities living in rural areas experience significant disparities across a range of health and wellbeing indicators, high levels of stigma and discrimination, and difficulty accessing inclusive health and support services. This article discusses a targeted health promotion intervention designed to build supportive health and social programs. It demonstrates that modest funding for health promotion can have a significant impact on promoting connection and support for individuals in a small regional community to promote better health and wellbeing outcomes.

PY22045Curious thing, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based conversational agent for COVID-19 patient management

Josephine Sau Fan Chow 0000-0002-8911-6856, Victoria Blight, Marian Brown, Vanessa Glynn, Brian Lane, Amanda Larkin, Sonia Marshall, Prue Matthews, Mick Rowles and Bradley Warner
pp. 312-318

Developed in partnership with a Sydney-based artificial intelligent (AI) conversational technology, a new care robot was successfully introduced to manage 6323 low-to-medium risk clients with a COVID-19 diagnosis and who were isolating at home. This initiative proved that application of AI was efficient and safe, and demonstrated benefits to support healthcare professionals and the community.


Telehealth has become more widely used since the COVID-19 pandemic began, but little is known about how young people view this method for receipt of routine primary care. In this online survey, young people appreciated the convenience aspects of telehealth, but had a range of concerns that made them hesitant to access health care this way. To prepare and support young people to use telehealth, their reservations need to be understood and addressed with information about the processes provided in advance of the consultation.


Security challenges faced by primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria are under-researched, yet it is essential to address them to strengthen the health system. Health providers and service users avoid facilities with security risk, which negatively impacts health outcomes. We discovered weak links between security and health sectors in Nigeria, signalling the need to mainstream health in security for health service delivery and uptake under safe conditions.

PY22115Do medical alliances truly work? Perspectives on health service utilisation among outpatients with chronic diseases in Shanghai, China

Wanju Sun, Haiyan Zhu, Linyi Zhang, Zhaoxin Wang, Li Luo, Weigang Qi, Hualin Qi, Yingxue Hua, Xiang Gao, Ling Yuan and Jianwei Shi
pp. 332-340

It is important to sink the tasks of chronic diseases management to community health centres. We found the Chuansha Medical Alliance worked in guiding more older outpatients with certain chronic diseases to community health centres rather than hospitals; however, it did not reduce the increasing rate of average medical costs. The Chinese government should undertake more efforts to improve the medical capability of community health centres and control increasing medical costs.

PY22178Allied health professionals’ contribution to care at end of life in aged care settings

Jennifer Tieman 0000-0002-2611-1900, Deidre Morgan 0000-0001-8725-9477, Kelly Jones 0000-0002-8760-9841, Sue Gordon 0000-0002-4760-1212 and Amal Chakraborty 0000-0003-1837-1224
pp. 341-348

Allied health professionals are important members of the aged care workforce. Currently, there is limited published research on the specific roles and responsibilities of allied health professionals providing palliative care in this setting. This study identifies key aspects of their role and issues influencing palliative care practice and care at the end of life in aged care.

PY22202Educational models, participant experience and outcomes of a diploma course in practice management for Aboriginal Medical Services: a qualitative study

Parker Magin, Anthony Paulson, Christopher O’Brien, Irena Patsan, Alison Fielding, Mieke van Driel and Linda Klein
pp. 349-357

Practice managers in Aboriginal Medical Services operate in a highly specialised cultural, social and administrative environment requiring a unique skill set. The TAFE NSW Diploma in Practice Management for Aboriginal Medical Services addresses these skills. In this qualitative study, we explored alumni’s experiences of the Diploma in Practice Management for Aboriginal Medical Services, and its influence on their work and careers. The Diploma in Practice Management for Aboriginal Medical Services entailed a rich and singular learning environment with emphasis on peer-to-peer learning, informed by a permeating influence of Aboriginal culture and commitment to Aboriginal communities.


Practise Nurses (PNs) have increasingly been delegated by general practitioners to provide weight management counselling for overweight and obese patients with diabetes from disadvantaged groups but there is insufficient evidence of feasibility and success. Challenges faced by patients with diabetes attending general practice are complex and interventions must consider cultural and contextual differences, including ensuring PNs who are well regarded for this task are allocated time to focus on such intervention in general practice settings. PNs must be adequately trained to address patients’ cultural expectations and their own expectations when working with culturally and linguistically diverse patients.


Access to specialist services for chronic non-cancer pain is problematic ins In Australia, resulting in general practitioners bearing much of the burden of care that requires a holistic and multidimensional approach. In this paper, 12 general practitioners in Western Australia described, through qualitative interviews, the challenges of caring for patients with chronic pain including fragmentation of care, difficulty with access to recommended services, mismatched patient and practitioner expectations and inadequate GP and community knowledge about chronic pain. These findings could assist in planning better services for chronic pain.


Breathlessness is a common symptom in about one in 10 adults. This qualitative study that included 35 GPs, multidisciplinary specialists, and allied health professionals aims to understand the role of primary care in management of chronic breathlessness. GPs are crucial to achieving optimal care for breathless patients, especially given the multifactorial and multimorbid nature of breathlessness; however, the study presented significant gaps in services and resources at present, which limit their ability to perform this role.


The achievement of ‘COVID zero’ during the height of the global COVID-19 pandemic placed Western Australia in a unique position. As the first point of patient contact, general practice was impacted by the measures put in place for this to be acheived. This qualitative study demonstrates strengths, resilience and adaptability of those working in the general practice sector in responding to the often sudden and unexpected major disruptions, yet maintaining ongoing health management for their patients.


Although general practitioners (GPs) have played a crucial role in Australia’s COVID-19 pandemic response, few studies have explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GPs themselves. In this qualitative study, 15 GPs from South-Eastern Australia were asked to reflect on their experiences working during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in semi-structured interviews. Their reflections enhance our understanding of the experience of GPs working during the COVID-19 pandemic and may help guide future research and work to support GPs.

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Call for Reviews

We welcome the submission of high quality review articles. Selected reviews will be offered free open access. More

Best Oral Paper Prize AAAPC 2023

Deidre McGowan has been awarded the Best Oral Paper Prize for 2023.

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