Zinc requirement for two phytoplankton strains of the Tasman Sea
Marie Sinoir A B G , Andrew R. Bowie B C , Mathieu Mongin A , Edward C. V. Butler A D and Christel S. Hassler E F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Laboratories, Castray Esplanade, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7000, Australia.
B Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
C Antarctic Climate and Ecosystem Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
D Australian Institute of Marine Science, Arafura Timor Research Facility, PO Box 41775, Casuarina MC, NT 0811, Australia.
E Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
F Present address: Institute F. A. Forel, University of Geneva, 10 route de Suisse, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.
G Corresponding author: marie.sinoir@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 68(2) 361-372 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF15323
Submitted: 17 August 2015 Accepted: 14 February 2016 Published: 4 May 2016
Abstract
Zinc has been proposed as a limiting, or co-limiting, micronutrient for phytoplankton. In the Tasman Sea, extremely low zinc concentrations have been reported, raising the possibility there of limitation of phytoplankton growth by zinc. The pennate diatom Nitzschia closterium (CS-1) and the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (CS-812) were cultured in two low zinc concentrations (Zn2+ = 1.5 pmol L–1 and Zn2+ = 1.5 nmol L–1) mimicking conditions found in coastal and pelagic Tasman Sea. To monitor phytoplankton health and productivity, the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), growth rate and cell size were analysed. These parameters showed that both strains were able to adapt and still grow. Short-term uptake experiments revealed an effect on Zn biological transport, with consequences for its bioavailability. When grown at low Zn2+ concentrations, E. huxleyi showed an induction of a two-transporter system, highly dependent on photosynthetic energy for Zn uptake. N. closterium was able to survive without inducing a higher-affinity Zn transporter. Its Zn uptake was also highly dependent on cellular energy and the ability to potentially access labile complexed forms of Zn. This strategy, thus, represented an advantage over E. huxleyi. Results are discussed in the context of the conditions found in the Tasman Sea.
Additional keywords: Emiliania huxleyi, inhibitors, Nitzschia closterium, uptake, zinc uptake, Zn limitation.
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