Identification of small-scale discontinuities based on dip-oriented gradient energy entropy coherence estimation
Da Peng 1 2 Cheng Yin 11 Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of National Gas Geology, School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, 8 Xingdu Road, Xingdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
2 Corresponding author. Email: pengda2012@163.com
Exploration Geophysics 48(4) 485-492 https://doi.org/10.1071/EG16020
Submitted: 19 February 2016 Accepted: 2 August 2016 Published: 7 September 2016
Abstract
Locating small-scale discontinuities is one of the most challenging geophysical tasks; these subtle geological features are significant since they are often associated with subsurface petroleum traps. Subtle faults, fractures, unconformities, reef textures, channel boundaries, thin-bed boundaries and other structural and stratigraphic discontinuities have subtle geological edges which may provide lateral variation in seismic expression. Among the different geophysical techniques available, 3D seismic discontinuity attributes are particularly useful for highlighting discontinuities in the seismic data. Traditional seismic discontinuity attributes are sensitive to noise and are not very appropriate for detecting small-scale discontinuities. Thus, we present a dip-oriented gradient energy entropy (DOGEE) coherence estimation method to detect subtle faults and structural features. The DOGEE coherence estimation method uses the gradient structure tensor (GST) algorithm to obtain local dip information and construct a gradient correlation matrix to calculate gradient energy entropy. The proposed DOGEE coherence estimation method is robust to noise, and also improves the clarity of fault edges. It is effective for small-scale discontinuity characterisation and interpretation.
Key words: local apparent dip, seismic discontinuity attributes, small-scale discontinuities, structural boundaries, subtle faults.
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